A HISTORY OF DEVONSHIRE 



The members of this family are to 

 running freely over the ground, and carrying the egg- 

 sac attached to the spinners. Many of the larger 

 species make a short burrow in the soil and there 

 keep guard over the egg-sac. Eyes and tarsal claws 

 as in the Pisauridae, with slight differences. 



40. Lycosa perita, Latreille. 



Wembury Bay (G. C. B.) ; Paignton (T. R. R. S.). 

 A very beautiful species usually frequenting sandy 

 places, its colours assimilating admirably with its sur- 

 roundings. It constructs a shallow burrow in the 

 sand, often having a narrow lid-like roof over the 

 entrance. Known also as Lycosa picia. 



4.1. Lycosa ruricola, De Geer. 



Ilfracombe (T. R. R. S.) ; (O. P.-C). 

 Very similar in general appearance to the next 

 species, but the male has a claw on the palpus and 

 the female a much smaller vulva. Known also as 

 Trochosa ruricola and as Lycosa campestris, Blackwall. 



42. Lycosa terrkola, Thorell. 



Ilfracombe ; Salcombe (T. R. R. S.). 

 Both this and the last species make a small cell- 

 like hollow in the damp earth beneath a stone and 

 there nurse the large silken egg-sac into maturity. 

 The present species may be generally recognized by 

 its red-clay tint, while L. ruricola is olive-brown. 

 Known also as Lycosa agretyca, Blackwall, and as 

 Trochosa terricola. 



LYCOSIDAE 



be found 43. Lycosa puherulenta, Clerck. 



Exeter (O. P.-C.) ; Salcombe (T. R. R. S.). 

 Known also as Tarentula puherulenta and Lycosa 

 rapax, Blackwall. 



44. Lycosa trabalis, Clerck. 

 Exeter (Edward Parfitt ; O. P.-C). 



A somewhat similar spider to the above, but larger. 

 A single immature female is the only British example 

 yet taken. Known also as Tarentula trabalis. 



45. Pardosa pullata, Clerck. 

 Ilfracombe (T. R. R. S.). 



Known also as Lycosa pullata and Lycosa exi^, 

 Blackwall (in part). 



46. Pardosa amentata, Clerck. 

 (O. P.-C.) ; Ilfracombe ; Woolacombe (T. R. 



R. S.). 

 A very abundant species on logs of wood or hatch- 

 ways in meadows and by the riverside ; but also 

 otherwise almost ubiquitous. It is one of our largest 

 Pardosas, and is known also as Lycosa amentata and 

 Lycosa saccata, Blackwall. 



47. Pardosa nigriceps, Thorell. 

 Salcombe (T. R. R. S.; O. P.-C). 



A very distinctly marked spider ; clear greenish 

 yellow with black head and a dark stripe down each 

 of the mandibles in front. Occurring not un- 

 commonly in all heathy and moorland districts. 



AGELENIDAE 



Spiders with eight eyes, situated in two transverse 

 rows. Legs with three tarsal claws. The species of 

 this family spin a large sheet-like web, and construct 

 a tubular retreat at the back of it, which leads to some 

 crevice amongst the rocks, or the herbage, or the 

 chinks in the walls of outhouses, wherever the various 

 species may happen to be found. The posterior pair 

 of spinners is usually much longer than the other two 

 pairs. 



48. Amaurohius atropos, Walckenaer. 



Stonebottom ; Dartmoor (G. C B.) ; Ilfracombe 

 (T. R. R. S.). 

 This fine species spins a tube-like retreat beneath a 

 stone or in the crannies of a loose stone wall, laying 

 a flat broad sheet of webbing outside in the usual 

 agelenoid fashion. Abundant where it occurs, on 

 moors and mountains. Known also as Coelotes saxa- 

 tilis, Blackwall, and Coelotes atropos. 



49 



Tegenaria atrica, C L. Koch. 

 Ilfracombe (T. R. R. S.). 

 A very large spider with long legs, not uncommon 

 in cellars and outhouses, where it spins a huge sheet- 

 like web having a tubular retreat running into some 

 place of safety. It is also found in the open country 

 in rabbit burrows, holes in banks, and on the sand- 

 hills, etc., etc. 



JO. Tegenaria derhatnii, Scopoli. 

 Salcombe (T. R. R. S.). 

 A smaller, paler, and more common spider than 

 the last named ; almost entirely confined to houses 

 and outbuildings. Known also as T. civilis. 



5 1 . Tegenaria silvestris, L. Koch. 

 Princetown ; Dartmoor (G. C B.). 



A still smaller species, sometimes not uncommon 

 amongst rockeries in greenhouses and gardens. Known 

 also as T. campestris. 



52. Agelena labyrinthica, Clerck. 



Star Cross (G. C B.); Ilfracombe ; Salcombe 

 (T. R. R. S.). 

 A common spider, large when full grown, spinning 

 a huge sheet-like white web over the herbage, with a 

 fiinnel-shaped tubular retreat. Like others of the 

 family the posterior pair of spinners is formed of two 

 distinct segments. 



53. Textrix denticulata, Olivier. 

 Langstone (G. C B.). 



A common spider where it occurs, found under 

 rocks and stones on the undercliff, or beneath the 

 coping stones of walls across the moors. It may be 

 recognized by its swift movements, and the red, some- 

 times almost white, dentate band on the abdomen. 

 Known also as Textrix lycosina, Sundevall. 



ARGYOPIDAE 



The spiders included in this family have eight eyes, 

 situated in two rows, the lateral eyes of both rows 

 being usually adjacent if not in actual contact, while 

 the central eyes form a quadrangle. The tarsal claws 



are three, often with other supernumerary claws. 

 The web is either an orbicular snare, or consists of a 

 sheet of webbing beneath which the spiders hang and 

 capture the prey as it falls upon the sheet. This 



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