DOMESDAY SURVEY 



to the house-carls.^ ' When an expedition fared forth the city of Exeter did 

 the same service as five hides of land' (fol. 88), i.e. it found one mounted 

 sdjuire [milesf to go forth with the host. 



Of the 285 houses which paid ground rent to the king, and the five 

 which were exempt from payment, five were appurtenant to the royal 

 manor of Tawstock and 121 belonged to the king's barons. Of these 

 the bishop of Exeter had forty-eight besides two in ruins (fol. 120^) and 

 nine appurtenant to his manor of Bishopsteignton (fol. 117). The bishop 

 of Coutances had nine besides one in ruins, but four of these were discharged 

 from all payment (fol. 136). Battle Abbey had eight, of which one was 

 discharged (fol. 196) ; the count of Mortain had one (fol. 222*^); Baldwin 

 had nineteen, of which eleven belonged to Kenn (fol. 297) ; Juhel had one 

 (fol. 334^); Walter de Dowai ten (fol. 349^); William Capra two (fol. 406); 

 Richard son of Torolf one (fol. 506^); Ralf Paynel one (fol. 460); Pomeray 

 six (fol. 343^); Ruald one (Exch. 115) ; Tedbald one (fol. 410); Alvred the 

 Breton one (Exch. fol. 115); Godbold two (fol. 473); and Osbern de Salceid 

 one (fol. 462^). In only one case are we informed of the rack-rent value of 

 these houses. Ralf Paynel received from his ioj. a year (fol. 460). This 

 is presumably the house which figures in the Pipe Rolls after an escheat as 

 William de Heliun's, from which a sum of ioj. was annually paid into the 

 Exchequer.' It must also be noticed that 'in the Devon Survey the houses 

 in Exeter held by each tenant in chief appear not in the separate survey of 

 the city, but at either the beginning or the end of the list of his rural 

 properties, as if the commissioners had noted them down when entering the 

 rural properties, added them up, and entered them in one total.'* 



The three other Devonshire boroughs show little of the co-operation 

 principle unless they are taken together as three links in one chain of defence- 

 works against the West Wealla. ' This township,' says the record, speaking 

 of Totnes, ' did not pay geld except when Exeter paid it, and when it did 

 pay the amount was 40^. (or i mark), and whenever an expedition fares 

 forth Barnstaple, Totnes, and Lydford between them do the same service as 

 Exeter' (fol. 334). An interesting fact may also be gathered from the 

 ' Burghal Hidage,' viz. that the borough in South Devon was originally not 

 at Totnes, but at Halwell, where a camp is still to be seen,^ and that the 

 borough in North Devon was originally not at Barnstaple, but at Pilton,^ at 

 a place now called Roborough Camp. This was in the days when defence 

 was the first, consideration. The removal to Totnes and Barnstaple was no 

 doubt made to secure the advantage of water carriage for the markets held 

 there ; but it left the old camps undefended, and so was a source of danger to 

 the county. 



At Barnstaple there were forty burgesses within the borough, and nine 

 without, besides twenty-three houses lying in ruins.'' At Lydford there were 

 twenty-eight burgesses within the borough and forty-one without.* At 



' Freeman, Norman Conquest, iv, 147, 162. 



' Maitland, Domesday Book and Beyond, p. 1 56. Trans. Devon Assoc, xxxiii, 574, 



' Pipe R. 1 2 Hen. II, in Trans. Devon Assoc, xxix, 489. 



* Ballard, The Domesday Boroughs, 27. 



° Maitland, Domesday Book and Beyond, p. 187, 503 ; Halgan wille, alias Halgan Wylle. 



° Ibid. p. 503 ; Wiltone Wisbearstaple, alias Piltone wid Bearstaple. 



' Exeter Domesday, fol. 87^. ' Ibid. fol. 87^. 



397 



