ANCIENT EARTHWORKS 



At the south the mount and its western agger rise i8 ft. above the fosse, which height 

 is attained by an inclined path rising from the base-court to the summit in a manner similar to 

 that at Kenwith Castle ; but the rampart of the mount, absent on the river side, rises from the 

 south to west and north, where it is I2 ft. in height. The rectangular court is defended on 

 its assailable sides by a strong vallum of varying height, but averaging 6 ft. The entrance is on 

 the west, where a path curves round the base of the mount, passing from the sunk road into the 

 court. Traces of an ancient path down to the river are still visible. 



The fortress is skilfully planned, and although modern paths have been laid out around 

 it, they have failed to efface the original scheme. 



It is evident that these two fortifications were constructed to be used in conjunction, and 

 were not hostile the one to the other, defending a long reach of the river and preserving 

 communication with each other, for which purpose a slightly curved agger, 45 ft. long, was erected 

 between them, facing the river. 



HOMESTEAD MOATS 



[Class F] 



Insignificant fragments only remain of earthwork defences to residential mansions and bartons, 

 and the lack of such may possibly be explained by the configuration of Devonshire, which spared 

 the necessity of such surroundings as were required in the eastern and other lowland counties. 



Remains of such works may be seen at : — 



Bradford (O.S. 1, i 2 and li, 9). — South-west of Bramber Wood, near a large fish-pond. 



CoLYTON (O.S. Ixxi, 15). — Colombe Castle. 



CoRNWORTHY (O.S. cxxvii, 2). — Cornworthy Court. 



DiTTisHAM (O.S. cxxvii, 8). — Fragments of a moat of the Old Barton upon which site 

 Dittisham Court now stands. 



HiGHAMPTON (O.S. li, 8 and lii, 5). — West Totleigh Mansion, south-west of Hele. 



HuNTSHAM (O.S. xxxiv, 4). — On Mason's Moor. 



Lydford (O.S. cvii, 9). — Manor House, Bradninch. 



Malborough. — Salcombe Castle. 



Sampford Peverell (O.S. xxxv, 14). — Sampford Barton. The barton was destroyed in 



1775- 



Stokenham. — Near the Vicarage. 



Upton Pyne (O.S. Ixviii, i). — North-east of Shute. 



STRONGER ENCLOSURE OF 'HOMESTEAD' TYPE 





^^^^!^Z^] 



SCALE OF FEET 



i>,Toiver 





100 



100 



I 



Hemyock Castle. 



[Class G] 



Hemyock (O.S. xlvii, 3). — Hemyock, or Hem- 

 mick Castle, in the vale of Hemyock at the foot 

 of Black Down Hills, has considerable remains of its 

 ancient earthwork extant. 



Around its bastions on the north, west, and 

 south, is a strong moat 10 ft. deep, and on its western 

 side the escarpment is continued 4 ft. higher above a 

 path in its surface. This moat was fed by a stream 

 which flows on the eastern side of the keep. There 

 are indications that the moat was continued at the 

 south-west corner, but its course cannot be followed. 



Hemyock Castle is said to have been occupied 

 by the Parliamentary forces. 



At the north of the parish is a large cairn. 



VILLAGE SITES 



[Class H] 



In the parishes of Ashburton, Bovey Tracey, Manaton, and Petertavy, are the sites of British 

 villages, of which Grimspound, in the parish of Manaton, is the most marvellous example of a 

 village of a pastoral people, probably of the Neolithic Age, but as the surrounding walls do not 



623 



