Wells S Foote — One Hundred Years of Chemistry. 267 



paper from the Kent Laboratory appeared in May, 1918. 

 These very numerous and important investigations have 

 been of great scientific and practical value, and they have 

 formed a striking feature of the Journal for nearly 30 

 years. In 1912 Gooch published his "Methods in Chem- 

 ical Analysis," a book of over 500 pages, in which the 

 work in the Kent Chemical Laboratory up to that time 

 was concisely presented. Among the many workers who 

 have assisted in these investigations, P. E. Browning, W. 

 A. Drushel, F. S. Havens, D. A. Kreider, C. A. Peters, I. 

 K. Phelps and R. G. Van Name are particularly promi- 

 nent. Besides many other useful pieces of apparatus, 

 the perforated filtering crucible was devised by Gooch, 

 and this has brought his name into everyday use in all 

 chemical laboratories. 



Volumetric analysis was originated by Gay-Lussac, 

 who described a method for chlorimetry in 1824, for 

 alkalimetry in 1828, and for the determination of silver 

 and chlorides in 1832. Margueritte devised titrations 

 with potassium permanganate in 1846, while Bunsen, not 

 far from the same time, introduced the use of iodine and 

 sulphur dioxide solutions for the purpose of determining 

 many oxidations and reductions. We owe to Mohr some 

 improvements in apparatus and a German text-book on 

 the subject, while Sutton wrote an excellent English work 

 on volumetric analysis, of which many editions have 

 appeared. 



While volumetric analysis began to be used less than 

 one hundred years ago, its applications have been grad- 

 ually extended to a very great degree, and it is not only 

 exceedingly important in investigations in pure chemis- 

 try, but its use is especially extensive in technical labora- 

 tories where large numbers of rapid analyses are 

 required. 



Not a few volumetric methods have been devised or 

 improved in the United States, but mention will be made 

 here only of Cooke's important method for the deter- 

 mination of ferrous iron in insoluble silicates, published 

 in the Journal (44, 347, 1867) ; to Penfield's method for 

 the determination of fluorine in 1878; and to the more 

 recent general method of titration with an iodate in 

 strong hydrochloric acid solutions, due to L. W. 

 Andrews, a number of applications of which have been 

 worked out in the Sheffield Laboratory. 



