''Miocene Flora" of Sakhalin. 505 



The Tertiaries are represented by Older and Younger 

 series called respectively the Dui and Mgacli series by 

 Tikhonovich and Polevoi (op. cit.). The Lower series or 

 Dui series takes a prominent part in the composition of 

 the Coast Eange, being concordant with the Cretaceous. 

 It consists of sandstones and slates partly marine with 

 shells, but chiefly coal-bearing and containing the best 

 quality of coal in Sakhalin which can be compared only 

 with the English Cardiff and the best Japanese Taka- 

 shima coal. The series is exposed chiefly on the sea 

 shore and has not been observed out of the boundaries of 

 the Coast Range. It is pierced by eruptive rocks and 

 intercalated by several basaltic sheets and tuffs. 



The Mgacli or Younger Tertiary series consists of a 

 coal-bearing division below and is represented in the 

 upper part by loose shales and sandstones containing 

 marine shells. To this series belong the slow burning 

 non-coking coals worked at Mgach. This Younger Series 

 also fills the graben of Alexandrovka and noncon- 

 formably overlies the Cretaceous to the north of Alex- 

 androvsk, where no traces of the Lower Tertiary Dui 

 series were observed. 



The Paleobotanies evidence. 



The younger horizon of the Cretaceous developed in 

 the Coast Range is particularly interesting, since it con- 

 tains representatives of both the fauna and flora at Cape 

 de la Jonquiere. The whole appearance of this broad leaf 

 flora overlaid by Inoceramus and Ammonites horizons 

 is so recent that Schmidt, influenced by Heer's determina- 

 tions, erroneously regarded this bed as true Tertiary and 

 inverted, just as he believed similar inverted conditions 

 of exposures of beds containing an Angiosperm flora and 

 typically Cretaceous fauna in the island of Vancouver. 



In addition to the fact that the flora of Cape de la Jon- 

 quiere is not of the usual Tertiary type, the rich Creta- 

 ceous fauna of Ammonites, Helcion, Inoceramus, etc., 

 fixes the age of this horizon as Senonian, thus giving us a 

 knowledge of a true Senonian flora in the extreme East 

 of Asia. 



In some exposures on the slopes of the Western Range 

 and on the sea shore to the north from Alexandrovsk I 

 have found a flora of more archaic appearance that must 

 be regarded as representing a more ancient horizon 



