6 PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY PASTURES 



spoiled, and only a small proportion of the bulk is used in 

 butter-making, it is desirable that the cream should be 

 extracted at the earliest possible moment by hand or power 

 separators, of which I was one of the first to avail myself 

 in this country. The prejudice against their introduction is 

 happily dying out, and I have not heard of a single instance 

 where the separator has been abandoned after a fair trial. 

 There is no waiting for the cream to rise, and consequently 

 not the least possibility of decomposition setting in, even in 

 the hottest weather. The tedious process of skimming is 

 avoided, and instead of rows of pans to be constantly cleansed, 

 a few crocks only are required for the cream. The separated 

 milk never reaches the dairy at all, but goes straight to the 

 labourers' cottages, or to the calves and mash-tubs for pigs, in 

 a sweet, wholesome, and digestible condition. Thus the whole 

 of the milk, minus the fat, is retained for the benefit of the 

 farmer and his labourers, whereas, when sent to a factory, 

 the separated milk is lost, at least to the farmer. Experience 

 has shown that a separator will produce one-third more cream 

 from a given quantity of milk than can be obtained in the 

 ordinary way by skimming, so that the cost of the machine 

 is quickly saved. And in the cream alone there is a portable 

 and saleable commodity, when it is not required for butter- 

 making. 



Condensed milk may perhaps be profitably manufactured 

 in this country, but it can scarcely be to the interest of the 

 farmer to encourage an industry which wiU place him in 

 competition with the whole world. He had better devote 

 attention to fresh milk and to the delicate products of milk, 

 cream, butter, and cream cheese, which suffer from long 

 transport. 



The taste for fancy cheese has greatly developed in recent 

 years, and there is no reason why British agriculturists should 

 not compete successfully in the production of some of the more 

 perishable kinds. The manufacture of marketable commodities 



