70 



PRINCIPLES OP VETEKINARY SCIENCE 



tip is free and can be extruded from the mouth. The body is 

 the main part and is covered superiorly with many papillae. 

 Near the back are found large circumvallate papillae in which the 

 taste-buds are located. The root is inserted into the lingual 

 process of the hyoid bone. 



The teeth indicate the habits of the animal and serve as organs 

 of prehension, mastication, and as weapons. They are classi- 

 fied according to form and position into: Incisors, situated in 



Fig. 16. — Skull of adult horse sculptured to show embedded parts of teeth :li, I2, 

 I3, Incisors; C, canines; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, molar teeth numbered without reference 

 to the first premolar, which is not present in this specimen. (Sisson, Anatomy 

 of Domestic Animals.) 



front, implanted in the premaxillae and the body of the mandible; 

 canines, situated a little further back, nearer the incisors in the 

 lower jaw than in the upper; molars, which occupy the side of 

 the dental' arch and are often termed cheek teeth or the grinders 

 (Fig. 16). Since the teeth of the two sides are alike, the dental 

 formula has been used as a short method of indicating the num- 

 ber and kind of teeth an animal has. It is represented for adult 

 male horses in the following manner : 



■('1^- 



::, " : ,r - M l) = 



40 or 42. 



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