DISEASES OP THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS 



309 



be directed downward and forward toward the right 

 The trocar is then withdrawn, leaving 

 the canula in place. Usually the gas 

 rushes out with a distinct hissing noise. 

 To prevent further gas formation give 

 the animal a drench of two ounces of 

 turpentine in a pint of raw Unseed oil. 

 In some cases a rubber tube passed 

 down the gullet into the paunch pro- 

 vides a suitable outlet for the gas. By 

 not turning cattle and sheep out until 

 the moisture has dried off, many cases 

 can be prevented. In addition, a full 

 feed of dry roughage, such as the 

 animals are accustomed to, just before 

 turning them out should be provided as 

 a means of prevention. As some animals 

 are more likely to bloat than others, 

 they should be carefully watched. 



CHOKING 



Choking is the lodging of some object 

 in the esophagus. It occurs more often 

 in cattle than other animals. 



Causes. — The most frequent cause is 

 swallowing a piece of root, an apple, or 

 a potato so large that it cannot pass 

 down the gullet. The bolting of dry 

 feed may also be a cause. Animals with 

 a constriction in the esophagus from any 

 cause are subject to choking from slight 

 provocation. 



Symptoms. — Cattle drool saliva from 

 the mouth, make frequent attempts at 

 swallowing, bloat rapidly due to closure 

 of the outlet for gas from the stomach, 

 and switch the tail. If the obstruction 

 is in the region of the neck it can be 

 felt from the outside 

 the head forward. 



elbow. 



Fig. 79 . — T r o o a r and 

 canula for the relief of bloat 

 in cattle and sheep. 



Horses become excited, squeal, and thrust 

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