368 PRINCIPLES OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 



Symptoms. — Pigs affected with sore mouth exhibit most of the 

 following symptoms: inability to nurse and eat; fever; ulcers or 

 cankers in the mouth, from the size of a pea to a dime, with red 

 borders and cheesy centers; bad odor from the mouth; blood- 

 tinged saliva; weakness. In "bull nose" the lining membrane of 

 the nasal cavity becomes red and inflamed, and later necrotic. 

 This causes the animal to breathe with difficulty, hence the name 

 sniffles. When the germs attack the intestinal wall the symp- 

 toms resemble those of hog cholera. 



Treatment. — Every pig in the herd should be caught and its 

 mouth and nose examined for sores. A 2 per cent, solution 

 of potassium permanganate crystals and freshly boiled water 

 should be used to dip the heads of both infected and non-infected 

 pigs. When cankers are found they are to be scraped and painted 

 with tincture of iodin. The pens should be cleaned up and dis- 

 infected; lime sprinkled about the yards; the udders of nurs- 

 ing sows washed daily with a 1 per cent, solution of a coal-tar 

 dip in water. After the udder has been washed, it should be 

 thoroughly dried to prevent chapping and garget. 



RABIES 



Rabies is an acute, infectious, and communicable disease 

 of man and animals affecting particularly the central nervous 

 system. It is characterized by a variable incubation period of 

 from two to six weeks ; in some cases this period may be six months 

 or longer. 



Cause. — To date no specific organism has been discovered. 

 However, it has been conclusively proved that a filterable virus is 

 the cause. The disease is almost always transmitted through 

 the inoculation of the saliva from the bite of a rabid dog. 



Symptoms. — -In dogs rabies runs an acute and fatal course in 

 practically every case. The disease in these animals may take 

 either the furious form or the dumb form. 



Furious rabies has three stages which may or may not be 

 sharply defined by the actions of the dog. They are: (1) The 

 melancholy stage which lasts from twelve to forty-eight hours. 

 In this stage the animal likes to hide away, is restless, refuses to eat 

 and either is distrustful or overly affectionate. (2) The irritative 

 or maniacal stage which lasts from three to four days and is charac- 



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