The Common Farm Operations. 



191 



show any appreciable shrinkage in their milk; for the 

 control of bulls this operation is indispensable. The 

 operation is best performed during cool weather, so as 

 to avoid flies, during the period from October until 

 April; best results are obtained in yearling and two-year- 

 old cattle. The instruments in general use are the clip- 



pers or saw; I pre- 



fer the former as being 

 handier, calling for 

 less restraint of the 

 animal, and if kept in 

 good shape, well-oiled 

 and sharp, do just as 

 good work, only in a 

 great deal less time. 

 Bleeding from the op- 

 eration is rarely ser- 

 ious; in heavy milking 

 cows it may sometimes 

 need attention. 



DEHORNING CLIPPERS AND BULLDOG FORCEPS. 



Smear the hair at the base of the horn with vaseline 

 and turn it back, then secure the animal to a strong post 

 by means of a chain or rope, so that it can be quickly 

 released; a stanchion might be used; insert the bulldog 

 (a nose forcep) into the nose and draw the head around 

 to the flank, the operator then applies the clipper over 



