208 Veterinary Elements. 



heated; hard work when not in condition, or it may fol- 

 low foaling or lung troubles, and occasionally from stand- 

 ing too much on a limb in order to save another which 

 may be injured. Excessive feeding for the showring or 

 block, etc., with lack of exercise; wheat especially when 

 green, or breaking loose and getting at grain in the bin 

 are other common causes. This disease may appear in 

 cattle and sheep, although the pain shown will not be as 

 acute as in horses. The symptoms of laminitis are so 

 well marked that once seen they are never forgotten, a 

 horse affected will stand immovable in a stall with his 

 fore feet away in front of him, his weight being thrown 

 on the heels, if the hind feet are affected they and the 

 fore feet are placed well under the body, the animal if 

 made to move rocks on its limbs and will jump with both 

 fore feet together, the pulse is hurried, throbbing of the 

 arteries below the fetlocks can be felt, if an attempt to 

 lift a foot is made the animal resists, the feet are hot and 

 tender, especially if tapped with a hammer, the breath- 

 ing is hurried, giving rise to the suspicion that the lungs 

 are affected, the pulse is full and hard, and the mem- 

 brane of the eye reddened (congested). Sweating will 

 be seen as a result of the extreme pain and thirst will be 

 great, the thermometer will show an increased body tem- 

 perature. The treatment needs to be energetic as unless 

 so destructive changes will take place resulting in drop- 

 ping of the sole, due to the pedal bone turning point down- 

 wards, pumice foot and possibly shedding of the entire 

 hoof. Irregular rings around the foot, close together 

 are evidences of an attack at some time, as is also the 

 tendency of a horse to travel on its heels when trotted. 



