266 Veterinary Elements. 



its recognition is important. The causes are various, 

 service of mares too soon after foaling, or if suffering from 

 vaginal discharges. The swelling of the genitals, erup- 

 tion of blisters on the parts with accompanying soreness, 

 and sometimes discharge of pus from the urethra render 

 its detection easy. The use of a mild antiseptic followed 

 by some salve such as oxide of zinc ointment will usually 

 overcome the trouble; it is advisable to lay the stallion 

 off for a week or ten days. The stud-groom should not 

 allow service to any mare with a discharge from the 

 genitals. 



Calf cholera or dysentery is a contagious fatal disease 

 of calves due to a germ, affecting them the first few 

 days after birth. The calf soon loses its desire to suck, 

 is restless and groans, the excrement at first yellow, be- 

 comes white, thin and ill-smelling, sometimes being 

 streaked with curdled milk or blood, later convulsions 

 and the continual flow of feces and saliva and possibly 

 death in twenty-four hours; the usual duration of the 

 disease being one to three days; the rate of mortality is 

 very high — 80 to 100 per cent. Scours due to errors 

 in diet, is of a milder character and does not occur 

 so soon after birth and is non-contagious. The 

 liberal use of antiseptics is the cardinal feature of the 

 preventive treatment, the udder should be purified, the 

 vagina be washed with an antiseptic fluid, and pregnant 

 cows removed before calving from an infected shed to a 

 clean or disinfected one. For the calves, creolin, one 

 to two drams in two ounces of castor oil is very useful 

 in the earlier stages, a powder of opium, catechu, and 

 tannic acid of each thirty grains repeated at eight-hour 



