24 University of Kansas Geological Survey. 



ball zone. 23 The lower portion of the Niobrara is named the 

 Osborne limestones. This he states formed the upper part of 

 Mudge's Fort Hays. The upper Niobrara is named the Smoky 

 Hill chalk, with a lower or Trego zone, the Norton zone, and 

 the Graham jasper horizon. The Lisbon shales named by him 

 are supposed to be the Fort Pierre. The Arickaree shales are 

 referred to the Fox Hills. 



1897. — Logan. 2i In this paper the Upper Cretaceous is divided 

 as follows : The Benton is divided on lithological grounds 

 into the upper and lower groups. The lower group is subdi- 

 vided into the Bituminous shale, at the base, the Lincoln mar- 

 ble, Flagstone, Inoceramus and Fence-post horizons. The 

 upper group consists of the Ostrea shales and the Blue Hill 

 shales. The Niobrara is divided into the Fort Hays and Pter- 

 anodon beds. For the Fort Pierre no divisional term is used. 

 In a foot-note it is stated that the beds called the Arickaree 

 shales, and referred to the Fox Hills, had been previously re- 

 ferred to the Fort Pierre by Hay. 



1897 . — Williston.- 5 In this paper the line of division between 

 the Niobrara and Benton is taken below the Fort Hays beds, 

 following Cragin. Fort Hays is used instead of Osborne lime- 

 stone. The upper portion of the Niobrara is called the Pterano- 

 don beds (Marsh, Odontornithes, 1880). The suggestion is 

 made that the name Pteranodon, being in all probability a 

 synonym, should be changed to Ornithostorna beds. The Pter- 

 anodon beds are divided on paleontological grounds into the 

 lower or Rudistes beds, and the upper or Hesperornis beds. 

 The Fort Pierre at McAllaster is estimated at least 100 feet in 

 thickness. The name Blue Hill is used in part for the Vic- 

 toria beds. ( See summary of sections, opposite page.) 



From the foregoing, it will be seen that the Upper Cretaceous 

 of Kansas is now quite well understood. The various geologists 

 who have studied it from time to time have slightly modified 



23. The Cannon-Ball crossing- of the Missouri River, illustrated in Hayden's Report, 1370, to 

 which Cragin refers, is in the Fort Pierre. 

 21. Kansas Univ. Geol. Surv. n, 1897. 

 25. Kansas Univ. Geol. Surv. II. 1897. 



