Adams.] The Upper Cretaceous. 23 



sent. There is an outcrop in Norton county of two well-marked 

 strata above the yellow chalk, the lower a green sand, the upper 

 a green clay with yellow streaks. These beds are of doubtful 

 reference. 



1893 — Williston} 1 In this article the Niobrara is estimated 

 to be 430 feet in thickness, and the dip to the north or northeast 

 is shown to be greater than was previously suspected, except 

 perhaps by St. John. The division line between the Niobrara 

 and Benton is placed at the top of the stratified beds, following 

 Mudge, but he is doubtful whether the Niobrara should not also 

 include the stratified beds and perhaps also the subjacent dark 

 blue shales. The stratified beds are called the Fort Hays, thus 

 limiting Mudge's term. No distinction into chalk and shales is 

 admitted for the Niobrara. He states his belief that the beds 

 containing the Baculites anceps, to which Meek had referred, are 

 Fort Pierre and not Niobrara. A similar statement was given in 

 a paleontological paper in the Kansas University Quarterly for 

 July, 1892, the first time that the Fort Pierre had been recog- 

 nized in the state. Other paleontological matters are discussed 

 in this paper. In 1892 Williston prepared a map of the geology 

 of Kansas, which was published in Thomas's School Charts. 

 This was the first time that all of the different geological epochs 

 of the state had been given for Kansas. A modified copy of 

 the map was published in a later paper (Kans. Univ. Quart., 

 1894) , with the different divisions of the Cretaceous given nearly 

 as they are at present located. 



1896 — Cragin. 22 The rocks of the North American Interior 

 Cretaceous are considered as belonging to two great series, the 

 Comanche series and the Platte series, the latter including the 

 Dakota, Benton, Niobrara, Fort Pierre, Fox Hills, and Laramie. 

 The divisions occurring in Kansas are given as follows : The lower 

 portion of the Benton is named the Russell formation, one horizon 

 of which is the Downs (or Fence-post) limestone. The upper 

 portion is called the Victoria clays, which contains the Cannon- 



21. Transactions Kans. Acad. Sci., 1891-'92 (pub. 1893). 



22. Colorado College Studies, March, 1896. 



