McClung.] Microscopic Organisms of Upper Cretaceous. 421 



which the protoplasm is extruded instead of through an oral 

 aperture only. The material from which the shells are built up 

 is of the same calcareous nature in both suborders. Occasion- 

 ally there may be added an external, Agglutinantia-like layer 

 of silicious particles by some of the Vitro-calcarea. Range is 

 from the Silurian to the present time. 



In all the suborders the unit of growth is the unilocular test, 

 represented by such forms as Orbulina. If, in the process of 

 reproduction, the offspring separate from the parent shell, then 

 there results the monothalamous or unilocular forms ; should 

 they adhere to the parent in a series, there is formed the poly- 

 thalamous or multilocular tests. These may be of various 

 shapes, depending upon the direction and sequence of the 

 "budding" process. If this occur in a linear series, forms 

 such as Lagena result ; if in one plane and in two or more 

 alternate rows, genera such as Textularia. When the growth 

 assumes a circular form and expands as a helix, there are pro- 

 duced forms like Rotalia; where the circular form is elongated 

 into a spiral by the addition of new chambers, there results 

 Globigeri a a-\ike structures. A number of other plans of growth 

 are to be found, but these are the most common, and the only 

 ones found in the Kansas Cretaceous deposits. 



Following are the descriptions of the species here repre- 

 sented, all of which belong to the suborder Vitro-calcarea. 



Textularidce. 



Textularia globulosa. (PI. lxxxv, ff. 1-4.) 



Textularia globulosa Ehrenberg, 1838, Abhand. Akad. Berlin. 

 Textularia araericana Bailey, 1841, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. xlt, p. 401. 

 Textularia missouriensis Meek, 1864, Smiths. Inst. Check-List. 



"Textularia globulosa; test microscopic, with smooth surface in 

 the adult longer than wide ; chambers globular." — Ehrenberg. 



This species is one of the most common forms of the Forami- 

 nifera. The shell substance is usually of a calcareous nature, 

 and, in the young forms, appears very clear and homogeneous, 

 but, in the older specimens, becomes opaque and rough, owing 

 to the agglutination of sandy particles on the surface. By 



