﻿8. 
  B. 
  Kuzirian 
  — 
  Use 
  of 
  the 
  Sodium 
  Paratung 
  state. 
  309 
  

  

  Table 
  IV. 
  

  

  Analysis 
  of 
  C. 
  P. 
  Potassium 
  Bromate 
  of 
  Commerce, 
  after 
  Drying 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  Air 
  Bath. 
  

  

  KBr0 
  3 
  Na 
  10 
  W 
  12 
  O 
  4 
  i 
  Loss 
  on 
  Theory 
  

  

  taken 
  taken 
  ignition 
  for 
  loss 
  Error 
  

  

  No. 
  grm. 
  grm. 
  grm. 
  grm. 
  grm. 
  

  

  1 
  0*2000 
  2 
  0-1437 
  0-1436 
  +0'0001 
  

  

  2 
  0-2000 
  2 
  0-1430 
  0*1436 
  —0*0006 
  

  

  3 
  0-2000 
  2 
  0-1440 
  0*1436 
  +0*0004 
  

  

  4 
  0-2000 
  2 
  . 
  0*1446 
  0*1436 
  +0-0010 
  

  

  that 
  the 
  decomposition 
  was 
  effected 
  in 
  two 
  stages, 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  

   oxygen 
  being 
  liberated 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  stage 
  of 
  the 
  reaction 
  ; 
  

   a 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  it, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  superheated 
  steam, 
  

   would 
  act 
  upon 
  the 
  fused 
  mass 
  of 
  the 
  mixture 
  of 
  paratungstate 
  ' 
  

   and 
  chlorate, 
  and 
  complete 
  decomposition 
  would 
  ensue, 
  with 
  

   liberation 
  of 
  its 
  volatile 
  acid 
  radical. 
  In 
  connection 
  with 
  this, 
  

   it 
  was 
  also 
  mentioned 
  that, 
  probably 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  part 
  played 
  by 
  

   this 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  chlorate 
  oxj-gen, 
  the 
  duration 
  of 
  blast 
  

   ignition 
  was 
  greatly 
  shortened. 
  Perchlorates 
  (e. 
  g. 
  potassium 
  

   perchlorate) 
  being 
  richer 
  in 
  oxygen 
  than 
  chlorates 
  while 
  the 
  

   temperature 
  of 
  dissociation 
  is 
  higher, 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  expected 
  

   that 
  the 
  part 
  played 
  by 
  the 
  oxygen 
  in 
  this 
  substance 
  would 
  be 
  

   even 
  more 
  pronounced 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  chlorates, 
  and 
  so 
  it 
  

   is 
  in 
  fact. 
  A 
  complete 
  decomposition 
  of 
  the 
  perchlorate 
  could 
  

   be 
  brought 
  about 
  within 
  five 
  moments 
  with 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  this 
  flux 
  

   and 
  superheated 
  steam, 
  under 
  conditions 
  specified. 
  For 
  the 
  

   amount 
  of 
  substance 
  taken 
  the 
  necessary 
  duration 
  of 
  blast 
  

   ignition 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  chlorides 
  is 
  from 
  fifteen 
  to 
  twenty 
  

   minutes, 
  in 
  chlorates 
  from 
  seven 
  to 
  ten 
  minutes, 
  whereas 
  five 
  

   minutes 
  will 
  suffice 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  perchlorates. 
  The 
  rapid 
  in- 
  

   teraction 
  of 
  perchlorates 
  with 
  the 
  paratungstates 
  is 
  not 
  

   altogether 
  chargeable 
  to 
  the 
  extra 
  atom 
  of 
  oxygen 
  which 
  the 
  

   perchlorate 
  has 
  over 
  the 
  chlorate. 
  When 
  the 
  quantity 
  of 
  

   oxygen 
  present 
  in 
  chlorates 
  and 
  perchlorates 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  agency 
  

   to 
  effect 
  their 
  decomposition, 
  there 
  should 
  not 
  be 
  such 
  a 
  

   marked 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  duration 
  of 
  blast 
  ignition, 
  as 
  there 
  is 
  

   more 
  than 
  enough 
  oxygen 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  chlorates 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  in 
  

   perchlorates. 
  The 
  higher 
  temperature 
  of 
  dissociation 
  of 
  the 
  

   perchlorate 
  appears 
  to 
  favor 
  the 
  reaction 
  between 
  the 
  oxygen 
  

   and 
  the 
  chloride. 
  Perchlorates, 
  unlike 
  chlorates, 
  being 
  more 
  

   stable 
  do 
  not 
  lose 
  their 
  oxygen 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  stage 
  of 
  reaction, 
  

   but 
  retain 
  it 
  until 
  thorough 
  decomposition 
  begins. 
  Then 
  

   the 
  oxygen 
  liberated 
  simultaneously, 
  while 
  the 
  reaction 
  is 
  

   proceeding, 
  will 
  certainly 
  take 
  part 
  in 
  the 
  interaction, 
  thus 
  

   shortening 
  the 
  process 
  to 
  a 
  great 
  extent. 
  Another 
  important 
  

   point 
  well 
  worth 
  mentioning 
  in 
  this 
  connection, 
  is 
  that 
  the 
  

  

  