﻿416 
  Richardson 
  — 
  Paleozoic 
  Section 
  in 
  Northern 
  Utah. 
  

  

  marked 
  by 
  angular 
  to 
  semi-rounded 
  bits 
  of 
  chert 
  and 
  quartzite, 
  

   resembling 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  underlying 
  Wells 
  formation, 
  irregularly 
  

   scattered 
  through 
  a 
  bed 
  of 
  limestone. 
  That 
  this 
  horizon 
  marks 
  

   an 
  unconformity 
  separating 
  the 
  Phosphoria 
  and 
  Wells 
  forma- 
  

   tions 
  is 
  suggested 
  by 
  the 
  varying 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  underlying 
  

   Pennsylvanian 
  beds. 
  

  

  The 
  Phosphoria 
  formation 
  carries 
  an 
  abundant 
  fauna, 
  part 
  

   of 
  which 
  has 
  been 
  described 
  by 
  Girty.* 
  This 
  is 
  distinctly 
  dif- 
  

   ferent 
  from 
  the 
  fauna 
  of 
  the 
  underlying 
  Wells 
  formation 
  and 
  

   serves 
  as 
  a 
  means 
  of 
  separating 
  the 
  two. 
  The 
  Phosphoria 
  

   formation 
  is 
  tentatively 
  assigned 
  to 
  the 
  Permian. 
  

  

  SCIENTIFIC 
  INTELLIGENCE. 
  

  

  I. 
  Chemistry 
  and 
  Physics. 
  

  

  1. 
  The 
  Volatile 
  Oxide 
  of 
  Manganese. 
  — 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  long 
  known 
  

   that 
  when 
  permanganate 
  is 
  treated 
  with 
  strong 
  sulphuric 
  acid, 
  a 
  

   small 
  amount 
  of 
  a 
  red 
  vapor 
  or 
  cloud 
  may 
  be 
  discharged 
  from 
  

   the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  resulting 
  green 
  solution. 
  Francke 
  in 
  1887 
  

   decided 
  that 
  this 
  was 
  gaseous 
  manganese 
  trioxide, 
  while 
  soon 
  

   afterwards 
  Thorpe 
  and 
  Hambly 
  decided 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  a 
  gas, 
  but 
  

   a 
  cloud, 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  composition. 
  F. 
  R. 
  Lankshear 
  has 
  now 
  

   found 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  moisture 
  a 
  colorless 
  gas 
  is 
  evolved 
  

   from 
  the 
  solution 
  of 
  permanganate 
  in 
  strong 
  sulphuric 
  acid, 
  espe- 
  

   cially 
  under 
  diminished 
  pressure. 
  By 
  cooling 
  with 
  liquid 
  air 
  he 
  

   condensed 
  some 
  of 
  this 
  in 
  a 
  U-tube 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  a 
  dark 
  green 
  

   crystalline 
  mass 
  which 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  permanganic 
  anhydride, 
  

   Mn..0 
  7 
  . 
  He 
  found 
  further 
  that 
  the 
  red 
  cloud 
  was 
  produced 
  when 
  

   moist 
  air 
  was 
  admitted 
  to 
  a 
  space 
  containing 
  the 
  colorless 
  vapor, 
  

   and 
  that 
  the 
  red 
  substance, 
  upon 
  being 
  condensed, 
  contained 
  a 
  

   large 
  amount 
  of 
  water, 
  more 
  oxygen 
  than 
  corresponds 
  to 
  Mn0 
  3 
  , 
  

   but 
  less 
  oxygen 
  than 
  is 
  required 
  by 
  Mn 
  2 
  7 
  . 
  It 
  appears, 
  there- 
  

   fore, 
  that 
  the 
  red 
  substance 
  is 
  an 
  impure 
  product 
  resulting 
  from 
  

   the 
  reaction 
  Mn 
  2 
  7 
  vapor 
  with 
  moisture. 
  — 
  Zeitschr. 
  anorgan. 
  

  

  Chem., 
  lxxxii, 
  97. 
  h. 
  l. 
  w. 
  

  

  2. 
  The 
  Detection 
  of 
  Bromine 
  and 
  its 
  Distribution 
  in 
  Nature. 
  

   — 
  I. 
  Guareschi 
  has 
  devised 
  a 
  method 
  for 
  the 
  detection 
  of 
  

   extremely 
  minute 
  quantities 
  of 
  bromine. 
  He 
  has 
  found 
  that 
  

   fuchsin 
  solution 
  decolorized 
  with 
  sulphur 
  dioxide 
  is 
  the 
  best 
  

   reagent 
  for 
  bromine, 
  and 
  that 
  paper 
  impregnated 
  with 
  this 
  solu- 
  

   tion 
  gives 
  an 
  intense 
  blue-violet 
  color 
  with 
  bromine 
  vapor 
  or 
  

   bromine 
  solution. 
  To 
  prepare 
  the 
  reagent 
  l 
  g 
  of 
  fuchsin 
  (hydro- 
  

  

  * 
  Girty, 
  G. 
  H. 
  : 
  The 
  Fauna 
  of 
  the 
  Phosphate 
  beds 
  ... 
  in 
  Idaho. 
  "Wyoming, 
  

   and 
  Utah. 
  Bull. 
  TJ. 
  S. 
  Geol. 
  Survey, 
  No. 
  436, 
  1910. 
  

  

  