﻿F. 
  A. 
  Per 
  ret 
  — 
  Volcanic 
  Research 
  cot 
  Kilauea. 
  483 
  

  

  of 
  crystallization 
  may 
  occur 
  even 
  in 
  so 
  small 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  mate- 
  

   rial, 
  evolving, 
  in 
  the 
  process, 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  heat. 
  

  

  On 
  examining 
  the 
  material 
  it 
  was 
  found, 
  as 
  expected, 
  that 
  

   all 
  the 
  lava 
  upon 
  the 
  chain 
  and 
  that 
  on 
  the 
  outside 
  of 
  the 
  pot 
  

   was 
  in 
  the 
  condition 
  of 
  glass. 
  That 
  inside 
  the 
  pot 
  showed, 
  in 
  

   section, 
  three 
  distinct 
  zones 
  (fig. 
  4), 
  the 
  outer, 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  

   glass 
  ; 
  the 
  next, 
  a 
  layer 
  of 
  gray, 
  semi-crystalline 
  rock, 
  and, 
  

   finally, 
  a 
  central 
  mass 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  nature 
  but 
  even 
  more 
  vesi- 
  

   cular 
  and 
  of 
  a 
  slightly 
  pinkish 
  color. 
  The 
  walls 
  of 
  the 
  gas 
  

   cavities 
  are 
  of 
  a 
  smoothness 
  indicating 
  a 
  considerable 
  gas 
  ten- 
  

   sion. 
  It 
  is 
  interesting 
  to 
  note 
  that, 
  in 
  other 
  instances 
  of 
  mod- 
  

   erately 
  rapid 
  consolidation, 
  the 
  writer 
  has 
  found 
  the 
  same 
  

  

  Fig. 
  5. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  5. 
  Section 
  of 
  sheet 
  pahoehoe 
  showing 
  three 
  zones 
  of 
  consolidation. 
  

  

  division 
  into 
  three 
  zones, 
  as 
  shown 
  in 
  fig. 
  5, 
  representing 
  a 
  

   section 
  of 
  sheet 
  pahoehoe, 
  3 
  cm 
  in 
  thickness, 
  from 
  a 
  drained 
  pool 
  

   on 
  the 
  floor 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  crater. 
  

  

  As 
  regards 
  this 
  lava 
  from 
  "Old 
  Faithful," 
  if 
  we 
  consider 
  

   its 
  source, 
  the 
  gaseous 
  nature 
  of 
  fountain 
  mechanism, 
  and 
  the 
  

   almost 
  instantaneous 
  solidification 
  of 
  the 
  outer 
  layer 
  of 
  the 
  

   collected 
  mass, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  difficult 
  to 
  conceive 
  of 
  a 
  more 
  fresh, 
  

   more 
  original 
  and 
  unaltered 
  material, 
  and 
  its 
  interesting 
  and 
  

   significant 
  evolution 
  of 
  heat, 
  upon 
  consolidation, 
  was 
  not 
  

   needed 
  to 
  demonstrate 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  this 
  product 
  for 
  chemical 
  

   and 
  physical 
  examination. 
  A 
  portion, 
  in 
  section, 
  was 
  sent 
  by 
  

   the 
  writer 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Albert 
  Brim, 
  whose 
  methods 
  of 
  examining 
  

   lavas 
  are 
  so 
  well 
  known, 
  and 
  he 
  has 
  most 
  kindly 
  responded 
  

   with 
  the 
  very 
  interesting 
  note 
  herewith 
  appended 
  and 
  to 
  which 
  

   the 
  reader's 
  attention 
  is 
  now 
  invited. 
  

  

  