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  Williams 
  — 
  Twist 
  in 
  Steel 
  and 
  Nickel 
  Rods. 
  

  

  due 
  to 
  the 
  orientation 
  of 
  elongated 
  ellipsoids 
  arranged 
  along 
  

   the 
  lines 
  of 
  permanent 
  torsional 
  set. 
  The 
  first 
  maximum, 
  as 
  

   will 
  be 
  shown 
  in 
  another 
  paper, 
  occurs 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  field 
  

   strength 
  as 
  does 
  the 
  maximum 
  elongation 
  in 
  the 
  Joule 
  effect. 
  

   The 
  fact 
  that 
  a 
  mechanical 
  effect 
  due 
  to 
  magnetization, 
  as 
  

   here 
  described, 
  can 
  occur 
  in 
  a 
  rod 
  because 
  somewhere 
  in 
  its 
  

   history 
  it 
  has 
  suffered 
  some 
  change 
  in 
  its 
  structure, 
  points 
  out 
  

   very 
  emphatically 
  that 
  one 
  must 
  be 
  very 
  sure 
  how 
  the 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  were 
  prepared, 
  else 
  there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  way 
  of 
  comparing 
  

   one 
  observer's 
  results 
  with 
  another 
  and 
  hopeless 
  confusion 
  

   arises. 
  This, 
  of 
  course, 
  can 
  be 
  overcome 
  by 
  carrying 
  out 
  a 
  

   comparative 
  study 
  of 
  different 
  magnetic 
  phenomena 
  on 
  the 
  

   same 
  specimens. 
  This 
  has 
  been 
  the 
  object 
  of 
  these 
  studies. 
  

  

  Physical 
  Laboratory, 
  

  

  Oberlin 
  College, 
  Oberlin, 
  Ohio. 
  

  

  SCIENTIFIC 
  INTELLIGENCE. 
  

  

  I. 
  Chemistry 
  and 
  Physics. 
  

  

  1. 
  Hydrides 
  of 
  Boron. 
  — 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  known 
  for 
  a 
  long 
  time 
  

   that 
  metallic 
  borides, 
  such 
  as 
  magnesium 
  boride, 
  give 
  off 
  hydro- 
  

   gen 
  containing 
  a 
  hydride 
  or 
  hydrides 
  of 
  boron 
  when 
  treated 
  with 
  

   acids, 
  as 
  the 
  gas 
  has 
  a 
  strong 
  odor, 
  but 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  product 
  

   has 
  not 
  been 
  known. 
  Alfred 
  Stock 
  has 
  now 
  investigated 
  this 
  

   subject 
  and 
  has 
  obtained 
  the 
  compound 
  B 
  4 
  H 
  ]n 
  which 
  boils 
  at 
  16° 
  C. 
  

   and 
  decomposes 
  gradually 
  upon 
  standing, 
  and 
  rapidly 
  upon 
  heat- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  100° 
  C. 
  into 
  hydrogen, 
  another 
  gaseous 
  hydride, 
  B 
  2 
  H 
  6 
  , 
  and 
  

   solid 
  and 
  liquid 
  hydrides 
  of 
  boron. 
  The 
  latter 
  have 
  not 
  yet 
  been 
  

   thoroughly 
  investigated, 
  but 
  the 
  compound 
  B 
  2 
  II 
  f 
  has 
  been 
  ob- 
  

   tained 
  in 
  a 
  pure 
  condition 
  by 
  condensation 
  with 
  liquid 
  air, 
  whereby 
  

   the 
  hydrogen 
  mixed 
  with 
  it 
  was 
  removed. 
  The 
  condensed 
  gas 
  boils 
  

   at 
  8*7° 
  C, 
  and 
  the 
  melting-point 
  of 
  the 
  solid 
  lies 
  below 
  —140° 
  C. 
  

   This 
  gas, 
  B 
  2 
  H 
  fi 
  , 
  is 
  much 
  more 
  easily 
  decomposed 
  by 
  water 
  than 
  

   B 
  4 
  H 
  10 
  , 
  a 
  fact 
  which 
  accounts 
  for 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  by 
  

   the 
  action 
  of 
  aqueous 
  acids 
  upon 
  magnesium 
  boride. 
  In 
  view 
  of 
  

   the 
  existence 
  of 
  liquid 
  and 
  solid 
  hydrides 
  of 
  boron 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  

   two 
  gaseous 
  ones 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  investigated, 
  it 
  appears 
  that 
  

   these 
  compounds 
  may 
  almost 
  approach 
  the 
  hydrocarbons 
  in 
  their 
  

   complexity. 
  — 
  Berichte, 
  xlvi, 
  1959. 
  h. 
  l. 
  w. 
  

  

  2. 
  Metallic 
  Beryllium. 
  — 
  Fichter 
  and 
  Jablczynski 
  have 
  pre- 
  

   pared 
  this 
  metal 
  by 
  the 
  electrolysis 
  of 
  mixtures 
  of 
  fused 
  sodium 
  

   and 
  beryllium 
  fluorides. 
  By 
  repeated 
  centrifugation 
  of 
  the 
  im- 
  

  

  