6 IT. H. Twenhofd — Physiography of J$ewfou?idland. 



Mary's Bay. continued northeastwardly by Conception Bay ; 

 Blacentia and Trinity Bays, and Fortune and Bonavista Bays, 

 similarly aligned ; the west and northwest coast, offset and 

 broken at St. George, but still essentially parallel ; the east 

 coast of the northern peninsula ; the coast of the Avalon 

 peninsula : the intrusive masses, the outcrop of the sedimen- 

 taries : the Long Range : the course of the Huniber Biver ; 

 Grand and Bed Indian Lakes ; and Glover Island in Grand 

 Lake. 



In general, the surface slopes southeastward. The average 

 elevation of the west coast is about 2000 feet, the northern 

 portion approximating 2100 feet or less, which rises to 2300 

 near the middle and decreases to 1700 feet near Cape Bay. On 

 the east side of the northern peninsula there do not appear to 

 be any elevations greater than 1200 feet. Along the south 

 coast the height decreases from 1700 feet at Table Mountain 

 to about 1350 feet north of Fortune Bay, and on the peninsula 

 of Avalon the highest point is 1100 feet. An axis of some- 

 what higher elevations extends from the neighborhood of the 

 Bay of Islands through the middle of the Avalon peninsula 

 from which the peaks decrease in height northeastward and 

 southwestward. but are about equal for any particular locality. 

 These figures of altitude, though significant, do not emphasize 

 the real facts, as they are taken from conspicuous elevations 

 rising above the average highland surface. The decrease in 

 elevation of the highlands southeastward is fairly systematic, 

 averaging a little less than 10 feet to the mile, and two planes 

 placed on the western upland and meeting along a line extend- 

 ing from the Bay of Islands to the Avalon peninsula, if given 

 the average slope of the surface, would very nearly coincide 

 with the summits of the average highlands of Newfoundland ; 

 and if projected beneath the sea they would rest on, or slightly 

 above, the immediate sea bottom off the east coast. Through 

 this plane would project numerous conical peaks 100 to 400 

 feet high, usually formed of igneous rocks. On the west coast 

 the regularity and horizontality of the sky line is striking, but 

 on the east greater irregularity appears to exist, the country 

 being more dissected. 



The Long Range. — The Long Bange, situated along the 

 entire west coast, with an average elevation of 2000 feet, is the 

 highest range of mountains in Newfoundland. At St. George 

 Bav. where the Codroy-White Bay fault strikes into the land, 

 it i- broken and offset to the southeast. Its greatest elevation 

 is in the Lewis Hills, about halfway between the Bay of Islands 

 and St. George Bay. where 2700 feet is reached, an elevation 

 purely local and exceeding by nearly 400 feet the height of 

 any other portion of the range. The range faces the west 



