330 G. F. Eaton — Remains of Man and Lower Animals. 



107*7, obtained from the diameters at the middle of the shaft. 

 The gluteal line is well developed, but there is no actual third 

 trochanter. The anterior inter-trochanteric line is indistinctly 

 marked, and the anterior surface of the shaft immediately 

 below this line is slightly concave, while the external surface 

 of the upper part of the shaft is bowed a little outward. The 

 resulting platymeria, or femoral flattening, does not, on the 

 whole, afford any satisfactory racial indications. Manouvrier 

 attributes platymeria to excessive use of certain muscles of the 

 leg in climbing steep slopes — a theory that is not ill-suited 

 to the present case, the topography and geology of the region 

 where the bone was found also favoring the supposition that 

 we have to do with a hill-man or mountaineer. 



The form and size of this femur, as recorded in the fore- 

 going measurements and description, fall within the range of 

 femoral variation in normal adult male Peruvians of the later 

 Inca period. I have already stated that this femur may possibly 

 have belonged to the same individual as the pelvic fragments, 

 bone 4. The two bones are of compatible size and form, and 

 would represent a thickset and muscular man about 5 feet and 

 4 inches (l'625 m ) in height (fig. 14). 



It is clear that no proof of great antiquity can be drawn 

 from the characters of the human skeletal parts submitted to 

 me, agreeing, as they do, in all essential respects with the bones 

 of a recent people. Until additional skeletal material is 

 obtained, showing characters more primitive than those already 

 noted, the burden of proof of great antiquity must rest on 

 geological and paleontological evidence. 



6. An imperfect left femur of considerably smaller size than 

 that designated as number 5. While of the same general 

 type as the larger bone, it is a little less robust in its propor- 

 tions. The proximal end is poorly preserved and the distal 

 end is missing. A very crude calculation gives a physio- 

 logical length of 38*0 cm (15 inches). 



7. The proximal portion of a right femur of nearly the same 

 size and form as number 6. 



8. Several fragments from the shaft of a left femur of about 

 the same size as number 6. 



Canis sp. 



9. The shaft of a left tibia. Although this bone is much 

 battered, and both ends have been broken off, it is clearly from 

 the skeleton of a wolf or wolf-like dog. It closely resembles 

 the tibia of a small Gray Wolf, Canis occidentalis. 



In this connection it is interesting to note that three distinct 

 varieties or breeds of domestic dogs are known to have existed 

 in Peru during the later Inca period. Dr. Nehring has described 



