Geology and Nattiral History. 83 



Bulletin No. 11. Investigation of the Peat Bogs and Peat 

 Industry of Canada, 1913-14; by Aleph Anrep. Pp. xii, 185 ; 

 92 pis., m figs., 69 maps. 



Feldspar in Canada ; by Hugh S. de Schmid. Pp. viii, 125, 

 xxiii, 22 pis., 12 figs., 2 maps. The output of feldspar has increased 

 from '700 tons in 1890 to 19,166 tons in 1916. 



3. Pennsylvania Glaciatio7i. First Phase: by E. H. Wil- 

 liams, Jr. Pp. X, 101, 56 figs,, Woodstock, Vt., 1917.— The 

 glacial deposits over a strip 300 miles long in Central Pennsyl- 

 vania are unlike normal glacial drift. They more nearly resem- 

 ble overturned local soil and the disturbed shell of bed rock. 

 Most of the exceedingly rare erratics were furnished by floating 

 ice. Dr. Williams emphasizes the conclusion that such drift is 

 the natural result of a first phase of glaciation, since the first gla- 

 cier was of necessity burdenless and passed over an aged, soft, 

 and deep surficial mantle, with no frontal moraine. The aged 

 appearance of the drift is "inherent and not acquired" and may 

 not be used to determine the date of glacial advance. An inter- 

 esting feature of the region is the presence of unaltered anthra- 

 cite immediately beneath glacial gravels. h. e. g. 



4. Nebraska Pamicite; by E. H. Barbour. Nebraska Geol. 

 Surv.; vol. iv, pp. 357-401, 1916. — This paper gives an illumi- 

 nating idea of the vast extent of the Great Plains which have 

 been covered by volcanic ash deposits. It has been found in 

 most of the counties of the state and undoubtedly occurs in all 

 of them. The beds run from 6-10 feet where exploited, but 

 some are 25-30 and even 50-100 are known. The reviewer 

 pauses to note that if a deposit of one foot in thickness covered 

 the state it would equal nearly 15 cubic miles of rock which gives 

 some notion of the enormous amount of material carried out over 

 the plains from the western volcanoes during their period of 

 activity. The beds range in age from the Oligocene into the 

 Pleistocene. The characters of this material and the chemical 

 analyses which have been made of it show it to be a very pure 

 rhyolite tuff, to which the author gives the name of pumicite. 

 Considerable use for it has been found commercially, as an 

 abrasive, a non-conductor and for constructive purposes, some 

 27,000 tons of it having been mined annually for the past two or 

 three years. l. v. p. 



5. Guide to the Insects of Connecticut ; Part III, The 

 Hymenoptera, or Wasp-like Insects; by Henry Lorenz 

 Viereck, with the collaboration of A. T>. MacGillivray, C. T. 

 Brues, W. M. Wheeler and S. A. Rohwek. Pp. 824, with 10 

 plates. Bulletin 22. State Geological and Natural History 

 Survey, Hartford, 1916. — This extensive work consists of 

 systematic descriptive keys to all the families, genera and species 

 of hymenoptera at present known from the State of Connecticut 

 and the adjacent regions. A total of 2411 species, of which 126 

 are new to science, have been included. More than eleven 

 hundred of these have actually been collected within the state. 

 They are represented by 634 genera and 86 families. 



