380 



jyrusliel and Bancroft — Aliphatic Alcohols. 



Tajble II — Summary. 



Temperature 



K X 10^ 

 25 = 



K X 10^ 

 35° 



K X 10^ 



45° 



Temp. 

 Coefe. 

 25^-85^ 



Temp. 



Coefe. 



35°-45" 



Ethvl acetate 



64-7 



64-8 



162-1 379 



161-9 376 



-hYdroxT- 47-1 



ethj^l acetate 



47-2 



-metboxy- 

 ethyl acetate 



-ethoxT- 46-6 

 ethyl acetate 



46-4 



■cblor- 

 ethvl acetate 



OO'l 



56-5 



117-4 



11 



122-2 



122-8 



11 



117-7 

 134-5 



134- 



279 



279 



282 



281 

 279 



280 



298 



298 



2-5 



2-5 



2-4 



2-3 



2-4 



2-3 



2-4 



2-2 



eighteen hours, the product obtamed is glycol diacetate and 

 not the /3-hydroxy-ethyl acetate. 



3. /3-ethoxj-ethyl alcohol is formed by digesting equimolecu- 

 lar quantities of yS-brom-ethyl acetate and sodium ethylate for 

 half an hour in alcoholic solution. 



4. The substitution of halogen or an alkoxyl group in the 

 alpha position of the alkyl radical of an ester accelerates the 

 decomposition of the ester to such an extent that the reaction 

 velocity is not measurable. In the case of all three esters of 

 this type that were hydrolyzed acetaldehjde formed one of the 

 hydrolysis products. 



5. The substitution of hj^droxyl, alkoxy], or halogen in the 

 beta position of the alkyl radical produces a considerable 

 retardation on the rate of hydrolysis. In the case of the esters 

 derived from the beta substituted ethyl alcohols it was found 

 that the hydroxyl and ethoxyl groups and chlorine produce 

 practically the same degree of retardation. 



6. The ethoxyl group produces a slightly greater retarda- 

 tion than the niethoxyl group. 



7. Tne introduction of halogen in the beta position of the 

 alkyl radical produces a retardation of the rate of hydrolysis. 

 In the case of the /3-brom-ethyl acetate this retardation is less 

 than in the case of the yS-chlor-ethyl acetate. 



8. The temperature coefficients in the case of the esters 

 derived from the beta substituted alcohols are found to vary 

 from 2-2 to 2*5 for an increase of ten degrees. The substitu- 

 tion of bromine in the beta position has a lowering effect upon 

 the temperature coefficient. 



