﻿46 
  A.. 
  C. 
  Lane 
  — 
  Lawsorts 
  Correlation 
  of 
  

  

  phere 
  into 
  hydrocarbons 
  and 
  oxygen, 
  supplying 
  a 
  certain 
  amount 
  

   of 
  oxygen 
  to 
  the 
  air, 
  making 
  way 
  for 
  normal 
  air-breathing 
  

   animals, 
  and 
  for 
  carbonaceous 
  deposits 
  like 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  

   graphite 
  in 
  the 
  Grenville 
  limestone, 
  and 
  for 
  oxidized 
  deposits 
  

   of 
  hematite 
  banded 
  jaspilite. 
  

  

  For 
  a 
  time 
  the 
  early 
  ocean 
  might 
  remain 
  as 
  acid 
  as 
  iron 
  

   chloride 
  is, 
  and 
  in 
  such 
  an 
  acid 
  or 
  fresh 
  ocean 
  no 
  animals 
  

   would 
  tend 
  to 
  secrete 
  hard 
  parts 
  until 
  the 
  concentration 
  of 
  

   salts 
  reached 
  and 
  passed 
  the 
  optimum 
  for 
  some 
  cell 
  activity, 
  

   when 
  the 
  extra 
  lime 
  would 
  be 
  secreted 
  as 
  a 
  pathological 
  reac- 
  

   tion. 
  They 
  would 
  be 
  jelly-like 
  (colloidal) 
  and 
  this 
  would 
  be 
  a 
  

   Collozoic 
  age,* 
  but 
  for 
  that 
  very 
  reason 
  might 
  easily 
  and 
  

   rapidly 
  evolve 
  in 
  various 
  directions. 
  

  

  But 
  while 
  the 
  azoic 
  waters 
  might 
  have 
  been 
  as 
  acid 
  as 
  con- 
  

   densed 
  volcanic 
  emanations 
  would 
  naturally 
  be, 
  they 
  need 
  not 
  

   have 
  been, 
  even 
  apart 
  from 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  organism. 
  For 
  while 
  

   the 
  volcanic 
  emanations 
  are 
  acid, 
  volcanic 
  rocks 
  are 
  alkaline, 
  

   and 
  if 
  exposed 
  to 
  an 
  atmosphere 
  containing 
  C0 
  2 
  would 
  furnish, 
  

   just 
  as 
  they 
  do 
  now, 
  sodium 
  carbonate 
  and 
  silicate 
  and 
  other 
  

   alkalines 
  which 
  react 
  with 
  the 
  earthy 
  chlorides 
  of 
  the 
  ocean 
  

   and 
  accumulate 
  sodium 
  chloride, 
  while 
  the 
  earthy 
  carbonates 
  

   are 
  thrown 
  down. 
  This 
  goes 
  on 
  now 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  organic 
  life 
  

   but 
  might 
  go 
  on 
  without 
  it, 
  so 
  that 
  deposits 
  of 
  carbonates 
  

   might 
  take 
  place 
  even 
  in 
  azoic 
  time. 
  Whether 
  they 
  would 
  

   take 
  place 
  would 
  depend 
  upon 
  the 
  relative 
  importance 
  of 
  

   volcanic 
  emanations 
  and 
  volcanic 
  leachings. 
  It 
  seems 
  as 
  though 
  

   the 
  scarcity 
  of 
  carbonate 
  formations 
  in 
  the 
  Keewatin 
  indicated 
  

   that 
  volcanic 
  emanations 
  had 
  kept 
  ample 
  pace 
  with 
  the 
  con- 
  

   tributions 
  from 
  erosion, 
  though 
  of 
  coursef 
  under 
  the 
  pressure 
  

   of 
  an 
  atmosphere 
  of 
  C0 
  2 
  a 
  much 
  larger 
  amount 
  of 
  (Ca, 
  Mg, 
  

   Fe, 
  etc.) 
  C0 
  3 
  would 
  remain 
  in 
  solution 
  than 
  at 
  present. 
  With 
  

   the 
  major 
  unconformity 
  that 
  in 
  most 
  places 
  separates 
  the 
  

   Keewatin 
  from 
  the 
  next 
  overlying 
  formation, 
  however, 
  there 
  

   must 
  have 
  been 
  a 
  great 
  increase 
  in 
  the 
  rate 
  at 
  which 
  alkaline 
  

   carbonate 
  was 
  applied 
  to 
  the 
  ocean 
  water. 
  The 
  next 
  formation 
  

   has 
  quartzites 
  that 
  show 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  leaching 
  and 
  sorting. 
  

   There 
  are 
  signs 
  of 
  fossils, 
  but 
  the 
  Atikokania 
  lawsoni 
  has 
  not 
  

   much 
  more 
  structure 
  than 
  a 
  " 
  marl 
  biscuit 
  " 
  made 
  by 
  Schizo- 
  

   thrix 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  of 
  similar 
  nature. 
  We 
  have 
  the 
  " 
  Urkalk" 
  — 
  

  

  * 
  Collozoic 
  is 
  a 
  synonym 
  for 
  Huronian, 
  or 
  Eozoic, 
  nearly, 
  denoting 
  the 
  

   stratified 
  rocks 
  before 
  the 
  Cambrian 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  life 
  may 
  be 
  

   inferred, 
  and 
  connoting 
  the 
  supposition 
  that 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  ordinary 
  fossil 
  

   remains 
  in 
  them 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  animals 
  had 
  not 
  yet 
  developed 
  

   hard 
  parts, 
  (for 
  the 
  reason 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  supposed 
  that 
  the 
  concentration 
  of 
  

   base 
  had 
  not 
  passed 
  the 
  physiologic 
  optimum, 
  and 
  the 
  ocean 
  water 
  was 
  soft 
  

   or 
  acid,) 
  and 
  were 
  yet 
  colloidal 
  or 
  jelly-like. 
  

  

  f 
  The 
  most 
  recent 
  work 
  being 
  that 
  of 
  Johnston, 
  Jour. 
  Am. 
  Chemical 
  Soc, 
  

   May, 
  1916, 
  p. 
  975. 
  

  

  