﻿64 
  

  

  Drushel 
  and 
  Felty 
  — 
  Preparation, 
  etc., 
  of 
  

  

  the 
  calculations. 
  From 
  the 
  values 
  obtained 
  by 
  direct 
  measure- 
  

   ment 
  and 
  calculation 
  the 
  degrees 
  of 
  ionization 
  of 
  the 
  acids 
  

   expressed 
  in 
  per 
  cent 
  were 
  found, 
  also 
  the 
  affinity 
  constants 
  

   of 
  the 
  acids 
  were 
  calculated 
  from 
  the 
  formula 
  of 
  Ostwald, 
  

   Jc 
  = 
  a* 
  /(I 
  — 
  ajv. 
  The 
  values 
  found 
  for 
  the 
  dialkyl 
  phosphoric 
  

   acids 
  are 
  recorded 
  in 
  Table 
  I. 
  

  

  Table 
  I. 
  

   A. 
  Degrees 
  of 
  ionization 
  of 
  dialkylphosphoric 
  acids. 
  25°. 
  

  

  Dilu- 
  

   tion 
  

  

  v 
  

  

  8 
  

  

  16 
  

  

  32 
  

  

  64 
  

  

  128 
  

  

  256 
  

  

  512 
  

  

  1024 
  

  

  flV 
  

  

  262 
  

   292 
  

   317 
  

   335 
  

   348 
  

   356 
  

   362 
  

   367 
  

  

  Me 
  2 
  HPC 
  4 
  

   per 
  cent 
  

   dissociated 
  

  

  69 
  

  

  83-7 
  

  

  88-4 
  

  

  91-85 
  

  

  93-95 
  

  

  95-7 
  

  

  97-05 
  

  

  jiv 
  

  

  236-8 
  

   274-4 
  

   304-6 
  

   328-5 
  

   344-7 
  

   354-9 
  

   362-5 
  

   365-7 
  

  

  Et 
  2 
  HP0 
  4 
  

   per 
  cent 
  

   dissociated 
  

  

  62 
  

  

  72 
  

   SO 
  

   86 
  

   90 
  

   93 
  

   95 
  

   96 
  

  

  •2 
  

  

  •1 
  

  

  •0 
  

  

  •26 
  

  

  •51 
  

  

  •20 
  

  

  •20 
  

  

  •03 
  

  

  (IV 
  

  

  227 
  

   266 
  

   296 
  

   325 
  

   342 
  

   354 
  

   366 
  

   379 
  

  

  Pr 
  2 
  HP0 
  4 
  

  

  per 
  cent 
  

   dissociated 
  

  

  58*25 
  

  

  68-4 
  

  

  76-1 
  

  

  83-56 
  

  

  87-68 
  

  

  88-70 
  

  

  93-86 
  

  

  95-20 
  

  

  /"oo 
  

   379-0 
  

   (Graphic) 
  

  

  379-0 
  

   (Van 
  Hove) 
  

  

  389-5 
  

   (388 
  — 
  graphic) 
  

   (391 
  — 
  direct) 
  

  

  B. 
  Affinity 
  constants 
  of 
  the 
  dialkylphosporic 
  acids. 
  25 
  c 
  

  

  Et 
  2 
  HP0 
  4 
  

   k 
  

  

  12-8 
  X 
  10- 
  2 
  

   11-6 
  X 
  10- 
  2 
  

  

  io 
  x 
  io- 
  2 
  

  

  ihition 
  

  

  Me 
  2 
  HP0 
  4 
  

  

  

  k 
  

  

  8 
  

  

  19-5 
  X 
  IO" 
  2 
  

  

  16 
  

  

  17-0 
  X 
  IO" 
  2 
  

  

  32 
  

  

  13'1 
  X 
  IO" 
  2 
  

  

  Pr 
  2 
  HP0 
  4 
  

  

  k 
  

  

  10-1 
  X 
  io- 
  2 
  

   9-2 
  X 
  IO' 
  2 
  

   8 
  X 
  IO" 
  2 
  

  

  (b) 
  Ionization 
  of 
  the 
  isomeric 
  benzenedisulphonic 
  acids. 
  — 
  

  

  The 
  benzenedisulphonic 
  acids 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  general 
  

  

  formula 
  C 
  6 
  II 
  4 
  (S0 
  3 
  H) 
  2 
  are 
  dibasic 
  and 
  are 
  dissociated 
  similarlv 
  

  

  + 
  

   to 
  sulphuric 
  acid 
  at 
  different 
  dilutions 
  into 
  the 
  ions 
  H, 
  and 
  

  

  c7H 
  4 
  (S0 
  3 
  H)SO 
  s 
  , 
  and 
  finally 
  into 
  H, 
  H 
  and 
  C~H,(S0 
  3 
  ) 
  2 
  . 
  That 
  

   is, 
  at 
  moderate 
  concentration 
  one 
  H 
  ion 
  splits 
  off 
  and 
  on 
  dilu- 
  

   tion 
  the 
  second 
  H 
  ion 
  is 
  formed. 
  

  

  Considerable 
  work 
  has 
  been 
  done 
  on 
  the 
  sulphonic 
  acids 
  of 
  

   benzene 
  derivatives, 
  but 
  conductivity 
  measurements 
  of 
  the 
  

   simple 
  unsubstituted 
  benzenedisulphonic 
  acids 
  have 
  apparently 
  

   not 
  been 
  previously 
  reported. 
  Ebersbach 
  and 
  Ostwald* 
  deter- 
  

   mined 
  the 
  conductivities 
  of 
  ortho- 
  and 
  meta-toluidinsulphonic 
  

  

  * 
  Ebersbach 
  and 
  Ostwald, 
  Zeitschr. 
  phys. 
  Chem., 
  xi, 
  617-8, 
  1893. 
  

  

  