﻿6§ 
  DrusRel 
  and 
  Felty 
  — 
  Preparation 
  of 
  Acids. 
  

  

  eate 
  measurements 
  were 
  made 
  for 
  these 
  two 
  acids. 
  For 
  the 
  

   purpose 
  of 
  comparison 
  hydrochloric 
  acid 
  in 
  decinormal 
  strength 
  

   was 
  also 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  hydrolysis 
  of 
  ethyl 
  acetate. 
  Titrations 
  

   were 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  usual 
  way 
  and 
  the 
  constants 
  were 
  calculated 
  

   from 
  the 
  usual 
  titration 
  formula 
  for 
  reactions 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  order. 
  

   The 
  results 
  obtained 
  with 
  these 
  acids 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  Table 
  III. 
  

  

  Table 
  III 
  

  

  Isomeric 
  benzenedisulphonic 
  acids 
  as 
  catalytic 
  agents 
  in 
  the 
  hydrolysis 
  of 
  

   ethyl 
  acetate. 
  Acids 
  used 
  in 
  decinormal 
  solutions 
  at 
  25°. 
  

  

  HC1 
  Ortho-acid 
  Meta-acid 
  Para-acid 
  

  

  10 
  5 
  K 
  10 
  5 
  K 
  10 
  5 
  K 
  10 
  5 
  K 
  

  

  64*4 
  

  

  67-2 
  

  

  (76-0) 
  

  

  73-8 
  

  

  65-0 
  

  

  65-2 
  

  

  72-4 
  

  

  74-8 
  

  

  63-3 
  

  

  . 
  _ 
  _ 
  _ 
  

  

  72'2 
  

  

  73-7 
  

  

  65-4 
  

  

  65*1 
  

  

  72-0 
  

  

  75*6 
  

  

  64-0 
  

  

  64-0 
  

  

  739 
  

  

  75-1 
  

  

  63-6 
  

  

  - 
  — 
  - 
  - 
  

  

  72-4 
  

  

  73*1 
  

  

  62'2 
  

  

  64-6 
  

  

  75-5 
  

  

  (77-3) 
  

  

  64-0 
  65'2 
  73-0 
  74*35 
  

  

  72-9 
  duplicate 
  74-50 
  duplicate 
  

  

  Summary. 
  

  

  1. 
  The 
  lower 
  homologous 
  dialkylphosphoric 
  acids 
  may 
  be 
  

   prepared 
  by 
  the 
  action 
  of 
  barium 
  hydroxide 
  upon 
  the 
  trialkyl 
  

   esters, 
  and 
  the 
  decomposition 
  of 
  the 
  barium 
  salts 
  with 
  sul- 
  

   phuric 
  acid. 
  

  

  2. 
  The 
  degree 
  of 
  dissociation 
  of 
  the 
  dialkylphosphoric 
  acids 
  

   decreases 
  regularly 
  with 
  the 
  increase 
  in 
  the 
  molecular 
  weight 
  

   of 
  the 
  alkyl 
  groups. 
  

  

  3. 
  The 
  isomeric 
  benzenedisul 
  phonic 
  acids 
  may 
  be 
  prepared, 
  

   each 
  entirely 
  free 
  from 
  its 
  isomeric 
  forms, 
  by 
  a 
  proper 
  choice 
  

   of 
  methods. 
  In 
  this 
  connection 
  the 
  xanthate 
  method 
  of 
  con- 
  

   verting 
  amidobenzenesulphonic 
  acids 
  into 
  the 
  corresponding 
  

   benzenedisulphonic 
  acids 
  gives 
  good 
  results 
  under 
  favorable 
  

   conditions. 
  

  

  rL 
  The 
  catalytic 
  activity 
  of 
  the 
  isomeric 
  benzenedisulphonic 
  

   acids 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  order 
  ortho-, 
  meta-, 
  and 
  para-. 
  The 
  relative 
  

   catalytic 
  activity 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  acids 
  requires 
  no 
  special 
  expla- 
  

   nation 
  based 
  upon 
  a 
  structure 
  theory, 
  but 
  is 
  in 
  agreement 
  with 
  

   the 
  general 
  ionization 
  theory. 
  

  

  