﻿406 
  H. 
  Arctows'ki 
  — 
  Normal 
  Anomalies 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  stations 
  but 
  gradually 
  propagate 
  from 
  place 
  to 
  place 
  is 
  a 
  well 
  

   established 
  fact, 
  at 
  least 
  for 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  temperature 
  depres- 
  

   sions 
  of 
  the 
  spring. 
  The 
  curves 
  for 
  Arcachon, 
  Greenwich, 
  

   Berlin, 
  Lemberg, 
  Penza 
  and 
  Wologda, 
  published 
  by 
  Almstedt,* 
  

   may 
  serve 
  as 
  examples. 
  

  

  Without 
  adopting 
  in 
  their 
  integrity 
  the 
  ideas 
  expressed 
  long 
  

   ago 
  by 
  Dove,f 
  let 
  me 
  suppose 
  now 
  that 
  the 
  temperature 
  curve 
  

   for 
  Melbourne, 
  or 
  the 
  curve 
  for 
  Warsaw, 
  or 
  the 
  curves 
  for 
  

   other 
  places, 
  exhibiting 
  similar 
  anomalies, 
  express 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  

   an 
  antagonism 
  between 
  maritime 
  and 
  continental 
  climates, 
  

   respectively 
  characterized 
  by 
  a 
  very 
  small 
  and 
  a 
  very 
  large 
  

   annual 
  amplitude. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  ocean, 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  coasts 
  of 
  France, 
  the 
  difference 
  

   between 
  the 
  mean 
  temperatures 
  of 
  the 
  warmest 
  and 
  the 
  coldest 
  

   day 
  of 
  the 
  year 
  is 
  certainly 
  less 
  than 
  10° 
  C. 
  In 
  Paris 
  it 
  is 
  

   18*7°, 
  in 
  Warsaw 
  24*7°, 
  in 
  Barnaoul 
  it 
  is 
  41'8° 
  and 
  the 
  observa- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  Nertchinsk 
  give 
  49*9° 
  C. 
  I 
  have 
  traced 
  the 
  curves 
  for 
  

   Barnaoul 
  (means 
  of 
  the 
  observations 
  made 
  from 
  1838 
  to 
  1882) 
  

   and 
  Nertchinsk 
  (1839-1881);}: 
  and 
  have 
  found, 
  to 
  my 
  great 
  

   astonishment, 
  that 
  from 
  March 
  15th 
  to 
  November 
  1st 
  these 
  

   two 
  curves 
  are 
  practically 
  identical, 
  whereas 
  during 
  the 
  winter 
  

   months 
  they 
  differ 
  very 
  greatly 
  one 
  from 
  the 
  other. 
  The 
  

   winter 
  in 
  Nertchinsk 
  is 
  very 
  much 
  colder 
  than 
  in 
  Barnaoul. 
  The 
  

   temperatures 
  are 
  : 
  

  

  Barnaoul 
  Nertchinsk 
  

  

  October 
  31 
  — 
  3'6° 
  — 
  7'2° 
  

  

  January 
  2 
  — 
  18-3° 
  -30*7 
  

  

  ■7° 
  

   March 
  15 
  -10-8° 
  —13-1 
  

  

  The 
  maxima 
  of 
  the 
  summer 
  are 
  : 
  

  

  Barnaoul 
  20*2° 
  on 
  July 
  the 
  4th 
  

  

  Nertchinsk 
  19*2° 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  12th. 
  

  

  The 
  temperature 
  curve 
  of 
  Barnaoul 
  belongs 
  therefore 
  to 
  two 
  

   climates. 
  During 
  the 
  months 
  of 
  April 
  to 
  October 
  it 
  belongs 
  

   to 
  the 
  excessive 
  continental 
  climate 
  of 
  Nertchinsk, 
  while 
  in 
  the 
  

   winter 
  it 
  belongs 
  to 
  a 
  less 
  continental 
  climate. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  diagram 
  (fig. 
  4) 
  gives 
  the 
  daily 
  means 
  of 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  in 
  Nertchinsk 
  for 
  the 
  months 
  of 
  May 
  and 
  June. 
  

  

  The 
  diagram 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  increase 
  of 
  temperature 
  pro- 
  

   ceeds 
  by 
  steps. 
  Going 
  up, 
  the 
  curve 
  slides 
  down 
  here 
  and 
  

   there 
  and 
  goes 
  up 
  again. 
  The 
  total 
  depression 
  of 
  the 
  yearly 
  

   amplitude, 
  due 
  to 
  these 
  steps, 
  may 
  be 
  estimated 
  at 
  17°. 
  Admit- 
  

  

  *Loc. 
  cit. 
  

  

  t 
  Abh. 
  K. 
  Akad. 
  Wiss. 
  Berlin, 
  1856, 
  p. 
  121. 
  

  

  JRepert. 
  f. 
  Meteor., 
  Suppl. 
  3, 
  St. 
  Petersbonrg, 
  1886. 
  

  

  