116 DISEASES OF THE EYE. 



S^&OT^VSIOJV OF THE EYESALL. 



This condition fortunately is but rarely encountered. Displacement of 

 the eyeball from its socket is usually the result of direct violence recelyed 

 in flghting. 



Simple protrusion without laceration of the attachments of the eye can, 

 If recent, be easily overcome. The eye should be returned as soon as pos- 

 sible. Bathing with warm mUk and water wUl remove dlist and all 

 impurities which may have collected on the parts, and a little sweet oil 

 then applied renders the reduction easier. An assistant will be needed to 

 open as widely as possible the eyelids, and it may be necessary to draw 

 the upper one well forward with apalr of forceps. Firm, steady, but gentle 

 pressure should be made on the eyeball, and maintained until it returns 

 to its socket, or until evident its reduction is doubtful. When this is 

 apparent the outer corner of the eye should be snipped with the scissors 

 to enlarge the opening, a, method which will generally prove sufficient 

 when reduction is again attempted. 



' The lids should be drawn together by a stitch after the eye is returned, 

 and the parts constantly bathed with cold water. 



Lachrymal :^9S>a®atvs. 



Tlie tears are produced in glands situated at upper part of the cavity of 

 the eye, and opening by ducts upon the surface of the conjunctiva between 

 the eyeball and upper lid. The office of the tears is to keep the parts over 

 which they are dtffused moist and polished, and to preserve their trans- 

 parency. 



The movements of the lids spread the tears uniformly over the eyeball; 

 they are then conducted off through the lachrymal canals, and are finally 

 discharged into the nasal passages. The lachrymal glands are occasion- 

 ally subject to infiammations. 



In some affections there is an over secretion of tears, and in others a 

 deficiency, and a consequent dryness of the eyes. In cases of the former, 

 the eyes should be carefully examined for foreign bodies or inverted eye- 

 lashes. If the irritability apparently results from an impoverished and 

 debilitated state of the system, tonics should be given. When the secre- 

 tion of tears is scanty and the eye dry In consequence, glycerin should be 

 occasionally applied. 



Fistula laohiymalis signifies an ulcerous opening in the lachrymal 

 sack. It is the ordinary consequence of obstruction of the nasal duct, the 



