﻿•i 
  0. 
  Holtedahl 
  — 
  Paleo 
  geography 
  and 
  

  

  is 
  known 
  that 
  the 
  author 
  does 
  not 
  think 
  it 
  advisable 
  to 
  

   depict 
  on 
  maps 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  Cambrian 
  seas 
  in 
  

   the 
  Arctic. 
  Especially 
  little 
  is 
  known 
  of 
  Lower 
  Cam- 
  

   brian 
  deposits. 
  That 
  these 
  are 
  represented 
  in 
  Elles- 
  

   mereland, 
  as 
  suggested 
  by 
  Meyer, 
  is 
  very 
  improbable. 
  

   The 
  invasion 
  of 
  the 
  sea 
  in 
  this 
  district 
  does 
  not 
  seem 
  to 
  

   have 
  taken 
  place 
  until 
  middle 
  and 
  possibly 
  not 
  even 
  until 
  

   late 
  Cambrian 
  time. 
  This 
  invasion 
  of 
  North 
  America 
  

   came 
  from 
  a 
  northern 
  or 
  western 
  direction, 
  the 
  sea 
  being 
  

   in 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  Cordilleran 
  geosyncline. 
  

  

  The 
  invasions 
  in 
  the 
  northwestern 
  part 
  of 
  Europe 
  

   are, 
  on 
  the 
  contrary, 
  fairly 
  well 
  known, 
  and 
  their 
  extent 
  

   was 
  very 
  variable 
  during 
  the 
  Cambrian 
  period. 
  All 
  of 
  

   southwestern 
  Norway 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  relatively 
  high 
  

   land 
  during 
  Lower 
  Cambrian 
  time. 
  A 
  remnant 
  of 
  pre- 
  

   Cambrian 
  mountains 
  still 
  existed 
  here, 
  and 
  from 
  them 
  

   were 
  derived 
  the 
  huge 
  masses 
  of 
  feldspathic 
  sandstones 
  

   (sparagmites), 
  quartz 
  sandstones, 
  and 
  conglomerates 
  of 
  

   the 
  "Sparagmite 
  division" 
  of 
  the 
  central 
  and 
  eastern 
  

   part 
  of 
  southern 
  Norway 
  and 
  the 
  adjacent 
  districts 
  of 
  

   Sweden. 
  Possibly 
  it 
  was 
  in 
  a 
  more 
  western 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  

   highland 
  that 
  the 
  material 
  of 
  the 
  Torridon 
  sandstone 
  

   of 
  northern 
  Scotland 
  originated, 
  and 
  was 
  then 
  trans- 
  

   ported 
  toward 
  the 
  south. 
  The 
  deposition 
  of 
  the 
  Torrido- 
  

   nian, 
  however, 
  must 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  having 
  taken 
  place 
  

   at 
  an 
  earlier 
  time, 
  as 
  that 
  division 
  is 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  

   Lower 
  Cambrian 
  series 
  by 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  crust 
  movement 
  

   and 
  erosion. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  the 
  sandstone 
  materials 
  

   of 
  Norway 
  just 
  mentioned 
  pass 
  gradually 
  into 
  the 
  oldest 
  

   Cambrian 
  fossiliferous 
  beds 
  (with 
  Discinella, 
  Volbor- 
  

   tliella, 
  Holmia, 
  etc.). 
  Farther 
  east, 
  the 
  geology 
  of 
  the 
  

   Baltic 
  provinces 
  shows, 
  in 
  the 
  "blue 
  clay" 
  that 
  lies 
  

   below 
  corresponding 
  fossiliferous 
  beds, 
  the 
  existence 
  

   here 
  of 
  a 
  quiet 
  sea, 
  probably 
  with 
  no 
  high 
  land 
  near, 
  at 
  

   a 
  time 
  when 
  the 
  coarse 
  sandstones 
  were 
  being 
  washed 
  

   down 
  farther 
  west. 
  

  

  The 
  geography 
  of 
  Middle 
  Cambrian 
  (Paradoxides) 
  

   time 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  different 
  one, 
  telling 
  of 
  a 
  relatively 
  rapid 
  

   movement 
  of 
  the 
  shore-line 
  in 
  the 
  late 
  Lower 
  Cambrian. 
  

   The 
  highland 
  of 
  southwestern 
  Norway 
  had 
  in 
  the 
  mean- 
  

   time 
  been 
  base-levelled, 
  and 
  was 
  now 
  invaded 
  by 
  the 
  sea, 
  

   while 
  to 
  the 
  east, 
  in 
  the 
  Baltic 
  region, 
  the 
  older 
  sea- 
  

   bottom 
  became 
  dry 
  land. 
  Thus, 
  already 
  in 
  very 
  early 
  

   Paleozoic 
  time, 
  the 
  "positive" 
  character 
  of 
  this 
  region 
  

   is 
  clearly 
  shown. 
  

  

  