﻿Geology 
  and 
  Natural 
  History. 
  221 
  

  

  integration, 
  the 
  organismal 
  significance 
  of 
  the 
  internal 
  secretory 
  

   system, 
  neural 
  integration 
  and 
  implications 
  of 
  the 
  tropistic 
  and 
  

   segmental 
  theories 
  of 
  nerve 
  action, 
  psychical 
  integration, 
  organic 
  

   connection 
  between 
  physical 
  and 
  psychical, 
  and 
  a 
  sketch 
  of 
  an 
  

   organismal 
  theory 
  of 
  consciousness. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  accepts 
  neither 
  the 
  materialistic 
  doctrine 
  that 
  the 
  

   material 
  elements 
  as 
  known 
  to 
  us 
  in 
  inorganic 
  nature 
  are 
  the 
  

   sufficient 
  casual 
  explanation 
  of 
  organic 
  phenomena, 
  nor 
  that 
  of 
  

   supernaturalism. 
  He 
  says 
  (vol. 
  II, 
  p. 
  149) 
  : 
  "The 
  essence 
  of 
  

   my 
  contention 
  is 
  that 
  the 
  natural 
  substitute 
  for 
  these 
  imponder- 
  

   able 
  things 
  are 
  the 
  living, 
  individual 
  organisms 
  themselves, 
  and 
  

   not 
  the 
  particles 
  of 
  which 
  they 
  are 
  composed. 
  Each 
  and 
  every 
  

   individual 
  organism 
  is 
  a 
  natural 
  reality 
  by 
  exactly 
  the 
  same 
  cri- 
  

   teria 
  that 
  the 
  atoms, 
  molecules, 
  cells 
  and 
  tissues 
  of 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  

   composed 
  are 
  natural 
  realities. 
  And 
  since 
  each 
  individual 
  is 
  to 
  

   some 
  extent 
  different 
  from 
  every 
  other, 
  and 
  maintains 
  its 
  indi- 
  

   viduality 
  in 
  full 
  possession 
  of 
  these 
  differences, 
  by 
  its 
  power 
  of 
  

   transforming 
  foreign 
  substance 
  into 
  its 
  own 
  substance, 
  it 
  is 
  ulti- 
  

   mate 
  both 
  as 
  to 
  structure 
  and 
  as 
  to 
  causal 
  power 
  in 
  as 
  deep 
  and 
  

   literal 
  a 
  sense 
  as 
  the 
  material 
  particles 
  of 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  composed 
  

   are 
  ultimate." 
  

  

  Whatever 
  difference 
  of 
  opinion 
  may 
  exist 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  importance 
  

   of 
  the 
  general 
  conception 
  of 
  organismalism, 
  the 
  author 
  has 
  ren- 
  

   dered 
  a 
  conspicuous 
  service 
  to 
  the 
  philosophy 
  of 
  biology 
  in 
  

   bringing 
  under 
  critical 
  and 
  impartial 
  examination 
  the 
  whole 
  

   field 
  of 
  modern 
  biology. 
  w. 
  r. 
  c. 
  

  

  6. 
  The 
  Life 
  of 
  Matter; 
  an 
  Inquiry 
  and 
  Adventure 
  ; 
  edited 
  

   by 
  Arthur 
  Turnbull; 
  pp. 
  xviii, 
  324, 
  with 
  322 
  illustrations 
  and 
  

   4 
  colored 
  plates. 
  Philadelphia 
  (J. 
  B. 
  Lippincott 
  Co.) 
  and 
  Lon- 
  

   don 
  (Williams 
  and 
  Norgate), 
  1919. 
  — 
  The 
  preface 
  states 
  that 
  

   "the 
  work 
  purports 
  to 
  supply 
  — 
  in 
  illustrative, 
  though 
  sketchy 
  

   form 
  — 
  a 
  reliable 
  guide 
  and 
  insight 
  into 
  observational 
  methods 
  

   and 
  experiments 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  and 
  to 
  provide 
  a 
  stimulus 
  to 
  any 
  ordinary 
  

   individual 
  desirous 
  of 
  understanding 
  the 
  widespread 
  applica- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  modern 
  science 
  to 
  the 
  necessities 
  of 
  real 
  life. 
  ' 
  ' 
  

  

  A 
  well 
  illustrated 
  but 
  disconnected 
  and 
  rambling 
  account 
  of 
  

   many 
  topics 
  in 
  physical 
  and 
  natural 
  science. 
  w. 
  r. 
  c. 
  

  

  7. 
  Psychology 
  from 
  the 
  Standpoint 
  of 
  a 
  Behaviorist; 
  by 
  

   John 
  B. 
  Watson 
  ; 
  pp. 
  xiii, 
  429, 
  with 
  63 
  text 
  figures. 
  Philadel- 
  

   phia 
  and 
  London, 
  1919 
  (J. 
  B. 
  Lippincott 
  Co.). 
  — 
  In 
  this 
  book, 
  

   designed 
  as 
  an 
  elementary 
  text, 
  the 
  subject 
  is 
  treated 
  from 
  a 
  

   strictly 
  biological 
  standpoint, 
  with 
  the 
  entire 
  elimination 
  of 
  

   those 
  metaphysical 
  discussions 
  of 
  consciousness, 
  sensation, 
  per- 
  

   ception, 
  attention, 
  will, 
  image, 
  and 
  the 
  like, 
  which 
  form 
  so 
  large 
  

   a 
  part 
  of 
  many 
  textbooks 
  of 
  psychology. 
  The 
  author 
  follows 
  

   the 
  same 
  scientific 
  methods 
  for 
  studying 
  human 
  activity 
  and 
  

   conduct 
  that 
  have 
  given 
  such 
  excellent 
  results 
  in 
  work 
  on 
  animal 
  

   behavior, 
  of 
  which 
  behavioristic 
  psychology 
  is 
  the 
  outgrowth. 
  

   The 
  first 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  book 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  general 
  description 
  of 
  

  

  Am. 
  Jour. 
  Sci.— 
  Fourth 
  Series, 
  Vol. 
  XLIX, 
  No. 
  291.— 
  March, 
  1920. 
  

   16 
  

  

  