﻿T. 
  Holm 
  — 
  Studies 
  in 
  the 
  Cyperacece. 
  441 
  

  

  leaves 
  very 
  narrow, 
  involute; 
  pistillate 
  spikes 
  sessile; 
  

   the 
  scales 
  dark 
  colored 
  with 
  broad, 
  yellow 
  midrib. 
  

   Lapland, 
  on 
  the 
  seashore. 
  

  

  Cares 
  re 
  duct 
  a 
  Drej. 
  

  

  This 
  very 
  rare 
  species, 
  known 
  only 
  from 
  a 
  few 
  stations 
  

   in 
  southwest 
  Greenland, 
  shows 
  the 
  same 
  habit 
  as 
  the 
  

   preceding* 
  a 
  stricta, 
  but 
  the 
  scales 
  of 
  the 
  j>istillate 
  flowers 
  

   have 
  only 
  a 
  single 
  midvein, 
  not 
  composed 
  of 
  three. 
  

   Drejer 
  (1. 
  c. 
  p. 
  36) 
  describes 
  it 
  as 
  follows: 
  

  

  "Spica 
  6 
  1, 
  ? 
  2 
  brevissime 
  pedunculatis 
  oblongis 
  erectis, 
  

   bracteis 
  inf. 
  foliaceis 
  nervosis 
  subspathaceis 
  brevissime 
  auricu- 
  

   latis, 
  squamis 
  uninerviis 
  basi 
  perigyniiim 
  obvolventibus 
  mucro- 
  

   nulatis, 
  perigyniis 
  subobovatis 
  plano-convexis 
  enerviis 
  superne 
  

   margine 
  asperato-denticulatis, 
  rostro 
  brevissimo 
  subeinarginato, 
  

   stigmatibus 
  2." 
  

  

  However 
  according 
  to 
  Lange 
  (1. 
  c.) 
  the 
  scales 
  are 
  not 
  

   mucronate 
  but 
  muticous 
  ; 
  this 
  author 
  agrees 
  with 
  Drejer 
  

   in 
  placing 
  the 
  species 
  as 
  a 
  near 
  ally 
  of 
  C. 
  subspathacea. 
  

  

  In 
  comparing 
  these 
  three 
  species 
  of 
  Salince 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  

   pointed 
  out 
  that, 
  so 
  far, 
  no 
  intermediate 
  forms 
  have 
  ever 
  

   been 
  observed, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  question 
  the 
  validity 
  of 
  C. 
  sub- 
  

   spathacea 
  and 
  reducta 
  as 
  species, 
  although 
  the 
  former 
  

   has 
  been 
  found 
  associated 
  with 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  varieties 
  of 
  

   C. 
  salina, 
  in 
  Finmark 
  for 
  instance. 
  C. 
  subspathacea 
  

   gives 
  an 
  excellent 
  picture 
  of 
  an 
  arctic, 
  circumpolar 
  type, 
  

   and 
  more 
  so 
  than 
  the 
  forma 
  pumila 
  of 
  C. 
  salina. 
  The 
  

   numerous 
  varieties 
  of 
  C. 
  salina 
  show 
  several 
  points 
  of 
  

   intergradation 
  between 
  each 
  other 
  and 
  cannot 
  be 
  con- 
  

   sidered 
  as 
  anything 
  but 
  varieties, 
  although 
  their 
  general 
  

   habit 
  and 
  color 
  of 
  spikes 
  cannot 
  be 
  explained 
  as 
  caused 
  

   by 
  the 
  environments, 
  since 
  several 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  frequently 
  

   associated 
  with 
  each 
  other 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  in 
  

   the 
  southern 
  parts 
  of 
  Scandinavia. 
  

  

  While 
  G. 
  subspathacea 
  represents 
  a 
  truly 
  arctic 
  type, 
  

   partly 
  also 
  C. 
  reducta, 
  C. 
  salina 
  is 
  undoubtedly 
  of 
  a 
  

   southern 
  origin, 
  possessed 
  by 
  a 
  remarkable 
  power 
  to 
  

   develop 
  types 
  of 
  very 
  characteristic 
  structures. 
  

  

  EXPLANATION 
  OF 
  FIGUBES. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  1. 
  Carex 
  salina 
  Wahlenb. 
  from 
  Vardoe 
  in 
  Finmark 
  (Norway) 
  ; 
  

   natural 
  size. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  2. 
  Staminate 
  scale 
  of 
  same; 
  enlarged. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3. 
  Pistillate 
  scale 
  and 
  utriculus 
  of 
  same; 
  enlarged. 
  

  

  