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  Scientific 
  Intelligence. 
  

  

  this 
  extreme 
  attitude 
  the 
  author 
  has 
  not 
  failed 
  to 
  give 
  a 
  good 
  

   account 
  of 
  the 
  important 
  chemical 
  theories, 
  at 
  least 
  of 
  the 
  older 
  

   ones, 
  but 
  he 
  has 
  given 
  less 
  prominence 
  than 
  usual 
  to 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  

   chemists 
  that 
  are 
  usually 
  very 
  highly 
  praised. 
  For 
  instance, 
  he 
  

   appears 
  to 
  have 
  done 
  scanty 
  justice 
  to 
  the 
  wonderful 
  work 
  of 
  

   Cavendish, 
  and 
  he 
  places 
  the 
  great 
  master, 
  Berzelius, 
  in 
  a 
  

   decidedly 
  subordinate 
  position. 
  

  

  Except 
  for 
  some 
  discussion 
  of 
  the 
  positions 
  of 
  the 
  atoms 
  in 
  

   organic 
  compounds, 
  this 
  book 
  scarcely- 
  touches 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  

   chemistry 
  since 
  1860. 
  The 
  name 
  of 
  Mendeleeff 
  and 
  his 
  periodic 
  

   system 
  of 
  the 
  elements 
  are 
  not 
  mentioned, 
  and 
  although 
  much 
  

   attention 
  is 
  given 
  to 
  Berthollet 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  mass 
  action, 
  

   the 
  development 
  of 
  modern 
  physical 
  chemistry 
  is 
  neglected, 
  and 
  

   the 
  names 
  of 
  Arrhenius, 
  Ostwald 
  and 
  Nernst 
  do 
  not 
  appear 
  in 
  

   the 
  book. 
  Although 
  the 
  author 
  states 
  in 
  his 
  preface 
  that 
  our 
  

   table 
  of 
  atomic 
  weights 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  principal 
  achievements 
  

   to 
  be 
  considered, 
  little 
  is 
  said 
  of 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  Stas, 
  while 
  the 
  name 
  

   of 
  T. 
  W. 
  Richards, 
  the 
  master 
  of 
  atomic 
  weight 
  work, 
  is 
  not 
  

   mentioned. 
  The 
  book 
  may 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  giving 
  a 
  good 
  account 
  

   of 
  the 
  early 
  history 
  of 
  chemistry 
  up 
  to 
  about 
  1860, 
  but 
  as 
  being 
  

   very 
  deficient 
  in 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  the 
  science 
  since 
  that 
  time. 
  

  

  h. 
  l. 
  w. 
  

  

  4. 
  College 
  Textbook 
  of 
  Chemistry, 
  by 
  William 
  A. 
  Noyes. 
  

   12mo, 
  pp. 
  370. 
  New 
  York, 
  1919 
  (Henry 
  Holt 
  and 
  Company).— 
  

   This 
  book 
  is 
  designed 
  for 
  students 
  who 
  are 
  beginning 
  the 
  study 
  

   of 
  the 
  subject. 
  The 
  author 
  has 
  tried 
  to 
  avoid 
  the 
  presentation 
  

   of 
  many 
  more 
  topics 
  than 
  the 
  student 
  can 
  possibly 
  remember 
  by 
  

   omitting 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  facts 
  that 
  are 
  ordinarily 
  given 
  in 
  books 
  of 
  

   this 
  class, 
  and 
  bringing 
  those 
  that 
  are 
  given 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  possible 
  into 
  

   close 
  logical 
  relations. 
  It 
  does 
  not 
  appear 
  from 
  an 
  examination 
  

   of 
  the 
  book 
  that 
  this 
  simplification 
  has 
  been 
  carried 
  too 
  far, 
  for 
  

   a 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  important 
  facts 
  remain, 
  and 
  the 
  fundamental 
  

   principles 
  of 
  the 
  science 
  are 
  well 
  presented. 
  At 
  the 
  close 
  of 
  each 
  

   chapter 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  summary 
  of 
  its 
  contents 
  which 
  should 
  be 
  of 
  

   considerable 
  aid 
  to 
  the 
  student. 
  At 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  chapters 
  

   there 
  are 
  also 
  questions 
  or 
  exercises 
  which 
  introduce 
  a 
  satisfac- 
  

   tory 
  amount 
  of 
  chemical 
  calculations. 
  The 
  book 
  contains 
  no 
  

   directions 
  for 
  laboratory 
  work, 
  so 
  that 
  for 
  the 
  usual 
  college 
  

   course 
  it 
  would 
  need 
  to 
  be 
  supplemented 
  by 
  another 
  book 
  con- 
  

   taining 
  such 
  directions. 
  h. 
  l. 
  w. 
  

  

  5. 
  A 
  Positive 
  Bay 
  Spectrograph. 
  — 
  As 
  is 
  well 
  known, 
  the 
  

   analysis 
  of 
  positive 
  rays 
  by 
  electric 
  and 
  magnetic 
  fields, 
  giving 
  

   deflections 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  each 
  other, 
  was 
  very 
  completely 
  

   worked 
  out 
  by 
  J. 
  J. 
  Thomson 
  during 
  his 
  epoch-making 
  investiga- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  this 
  subject. 
  "This 
  method, 
  though 
  almost 
  ideal 
  for 
  a 
  

   general 
  survey 
  of 
  masses 
  and 
  velocities, 
  has 
  objections 
  as 
  a 
  method 
  

   of 
  precision, 
  many 
  rays 
  are 
  lost 
  by 
  collision 
  in 
  the 
  narrow 
  canal- 
  

   ray 
  tube, 
  the 
  mean 
  pressure 
  in 
  which 
  must 
  be 
  at 
  least 
  half 
  that 
  

   in 
  the 
  discharge-bulb 
  ; 
  very 
  fine 
  tubes 
  silt 
  up 
  by 
  disintegration 
  

  

  