46 Artiodactyla — Anthracotherium, Anoplotherium, etc. 



Chceropota- 

 mus. 



Table-case, 

 No. 7. 



Anthraco- 

 therium. 



Pier-case, 

 No. 13, and 

 Table-case, 

 No. 7. 



Hyopota- 



mus. 



Meryeopo- 

 tanius. 



Table-case, 

 No. 8. 

 Oreodon. 

 Table-case, 

 No. 8. 



Anoplothe- 

 rium. 



of Wight. Chceropotamus was likewise a denizen of this 

 country. Sir Richard Owen has described* a nearly perfect 

 ramus of the mandible, now in the collection, from the upper 

 Eocene at Seafield, Isle of Wight ; also, in the same case, are 

 exhibited jaws and teeth from a deposit of similar age at 

 Debruge, near Apt, Yaucluse. 



Family Anthracotheriidj*:. — The genus Anthracotherium, 

 first discovered in a lower Miocene coal-bedf at Cadibona, Pied- 

 mont, is represented in the collection by remains of several 

 species ranging- in size from an ox to a sheep. A. magnum is from 

 the Lower Miocene sands at Flonheim, Hessen-Darmstadt, and 

 the fine series of portions of jaws and detached teeth are respec- 

 tively from the Upper Eocene, Caylux, Erance, and Cadibona in 

 Piedmont. Remains of the smallest species, Anthracotherium 

 Gresslyi, are found in the Upper Eocene beds of Hordwell, Hants, 

 and Bembridge. The intermediate forms 

 are from many localities and formations, 

 namely, the Upper Eocene of Switzerland and 

 Erance ; the Lower Miocene of Alsace and of 

 Italy, and the Lower Pliocene of India. The 

 Hyopotamus (Ancodus) is a closely related 

 genus. Its remains are found in some 

 abundance at Hempstead, in the Isle of 

 Wight ; representatives of six species are ex- 

 hibited, three from the above locality. They 

 are also found in France and Switzerland. A 

 gigantic species occurs in the Siwalik Hills, 

 India, and another in Dakota, America. Merycopotamus, an 

 allied form of this group, occurs in the Pliocene of the Siwalik 

 Hills. 



Family Ore odontic. — Skulls and mandibles of Oreodon and 

 Eporeodon are shown in table-case 8. 



Here are arranged the fossil-remains of some of the 

 earliest known genera of ruminants, referred to several families, 

 all extinct, some of which were true ruminants and others 

 were very probably nearly related to them. 



Family Anoplotheriim. — The best known, by description 

 and figures, of these extinct animals is the Anoplotherium,% of 

 Cuvier, the only animal known at the time in which the teeth 

 formed one connected series, without any breaks or intervening' 

 spaces, and all of uniform height, a character then thought to 

 be peculiar to man. The genus was first described by Cuvier 

 from numerous remains (referred to several distinct species) 

 exhumed from the Gypsum-beds at Montmartre, Paris. 



* Owen, " Brit. Foss. Mamm. " p. 413, fig. ]63. 

 t Hence the name " Coal-beast." 



X From ai'07r\oc, weaponless, and 9/jpiov, beast, in allusion to its haying 

 neither tusks, horns, nor claws. 



Fig. 54c — A right upper 

 true molar of Meryco- 

 ■potamus dissimilis 



(F. <fc C.) from the 

 Pliocene of India. 



