FOREST AND STREAM. 





A WEEKLY JOURNAL, 



Pkvoted to Field and Aquatic Spobts, Practical Naturae Histoky, 



IJFish Culture, the Protection op Game, Presrvation op Forests, 



and the Inculcation in Men and Women op a healthy interest 



IN OUT-SOOR JtECBEATION AND STUDY : 



PUBLISHED BY 



^ottrA and ^tremn §uhlwhing §omgmig f 



^103 FULTON STREET, NEW YORK. 



Terms, Five DoJlars a Year, Strictly in Advance. 



A discount of twenty per cent, for five copies and upwards. Any person 

 pending us oue subscription and Five Dollars will receive a copy of 

 Hallock's "Fishing Tourist,'' postage free. 



4 



?, Advertising Kates. 



_ ar advertising columns, nonpareil type, 121ines to the inch. 25 

 cents per line. Advertisements on outside page, 40 cents per line. Reading 

 notices, 50 cents per line. Advertisements in double column 25 per cent. 

 extra. Where advertisements are inserted over 1 month, a discount of 

 10 per cent, will be made; over three months, 20 per cent; over six 

 months, 30 per cent. 



NEW YOBK, THURSDAY, NOV. 27, 1873. 



To Correspondents. 



All communications whatever, whether relating to business or literary 

 correspondence, must be addressed to The Forest and Stream Pub- 

 lishing Company. Personal letters only, to the Manager. 



All communications intended for publication must be accompanied with 

 real name, as a guaranty of good faith. Names will not be published if 

 objection be made. No anonymous contributions will be regarded. 



Articles relating to any topic within the scope of this paper are solicited. 



We cannot promise to return rejected manuscripts. 



Ladies are especially invited to use our columns, which will be pre- 

 pared with v.areful reference to their perusal and instruction. 



Secretaries of Clubs and Associations arc nrged to favor us with brief 

 notes of their movements and transactions, as it is the aim of this paper 



become a medium of useful and reliable information between gentle- 

 men sportsmen from one end of the country to the other ; and they will 

 find our columns a desirable medium for advertising announcements. 



The Publishers of Forest and Stream aim to merit and secure the 

 patronage and countenance of that portion of the community whose re- 

 fined intelligence enables them to properly appreciate and enjoy all that 

 as beautiful in Nature. It will pander to no depraved tastes, nor pervert 

 the legitimate sports of land and water to those base uses which always 

 ienci to make them unpopular with the virtuous and good. No advertise- 

 ment or business notice of an immoral character will be received on any 

 terms ; and nothing will be admitted to any department o the paper that 

 may not be read with propriety in the home circle. 



We cannot be responsible for the dereliction of the mail service, if 

 money remitted to us is lost. 



This paper sent gratuitously to all contributors. 



Advertisements should be sent in by Saturday of each week, if possible. 



CHARLES HAL LOCK, 



Managing Editor. 



Calendar of Events for the Current Week. 



Thursday, 27th.— Baraum's Athletics at the Rink. ..Festival of 



Staten Island Shooting Club at New Dorp, L. I Foot race, §2,000, 



Providence, R. I. 



Friday, 28th.— Trotting at Charlotte, N. C The Rink.' 



Saturday, 29th.— Trotting at Charlotte, N. C The Rink. 



Monday, Dec. 1st.— The Rink. 



Tuesday, Dec. 2d. —Billiard match at New York Academy of Music. 

 Gamier vs. Cyrille Dion Pigeon shooting tournament, Toronto, Can- 

 ada.... The Rink. 



THANKSGIVING. 



IN this practical! age of ours we are somewhat proae to 

 regard all festivals, revelries and merrymakings with a 

 philosophic: 1 eye. 



It seems pretty evident that nationalities mast have their 

 days of amusement, for if "all work and no play makes 

 Jack a dull hoy," this most excellent proverb is quite as ap- 

 plicable to the community as to the individual. Collec- 

 tiveness is also a necessity in taking pleasure. We may 

 grieve in silence, but must be glad in company; somebody 

 must be with us to share our happiness. American rejoic- 

 ing has its peculiarities. What slight infiltration of the old 

 Greek Saturnalia may enter into our uproariousness, may 

 be difficult to determine. Perhaps the different ways in 

 which wc amuse ourselves may be owing in fact to the 

 strange assemblages of races and people we are trying to 

 weld Into some kind of a hoinogenious mass, in this new 

 world of ours. 



Our country is so large that each section takes its frolic 

 differently. On the Pacific slope there may be a slight 

 smack of the fandango; in Louisiana it may take semblance 

 of a French festival; but here among our more sedate and 

 sober northern people, t\w holiday, the Thanksgiving, set- 

 tles down into a day of quiet rejoicing, with the most solid 

 anticipations>f roasted turkey and pumpkin pie. 



If the older people take their pleasure at sumptuous 

 boards, loaded down with the good things of this earth, the 

 younger people must have their fun with turkey shooting. 

 Strnagc is it again that all demonstrations of joy must be 

 accompanied by detonations. There is your turkey in a 

 box with his red crest just on the top of it, like some giant 

 head defending his castle. There he stands some fifty to a 

 hundred yards from you, and how carefully the shooters 

 take their aim. No diamond, badge at Creedmoor could 

 cause a greater excitement, Some half dozen rifle shots are 

 fired and the gobler is unscathed; when comes SQiqe skill- 



ful hand, and "pop" goes off poor turkey's head. Laden 

 with the spoil, the gallant bird is taken home by the crack 

 shot, and cooked; done to a turn, the cranberry sauce, with 

 its ruddy hue, contrasting with the delicate rich brown tint 

 of the nicely roasted bird, a feast is made worthy of a king. 

 Jack who has shot the bird, may have before this performed 

 some meritorious action, and may possibly later in life ren- 

 der himself illustrious, but the memory of that gobler won 

 by his prowess on a Thanksgiving Day will be a consola- 

 tion to him, and likely to remain as long in his memory as 

 most other things in this world. 



Thanksgiving is getting to be each year more and more a 

 day devoted to athletic sports. To-day, in and around New 

 York, and throughout the country, though the grounds be 

 soft, tens of thousands of boys and men will play at base 

 ball, and hardy cricketers will drill in the wickets, and 

 bowl merrily for the last time of the season. 



Our current number greets our readers bearing the date 

 of Thanksgiving Day. A. D. 1878. • We have too few holi- 

 days, provided we could spend them in healthful recrea- 

 tion. Thanksgiving Day is most certainly one of our fes- 

 tivals which is popular with the people, and the inspiration 

 it suggests is that of sociability and merrymaking. The 

 season is the beginning of winter, and throughout most of 

 the northern and western States there is added the fun and 

 frolic of the first snow and the consequent sleigh ride and 

 extemporized parties, and all kinds based on out of door 

 amusements. To the rural districts Thanksgiving may be 

 properly called the American carnival. Now the toilsome 

 work of summer and the severe labor of gathering the fall 

 crop is ended. The barns and storehouses are full, the 

 wheat, the pumpkins, the luscious apples, the nuts, the 

 succulent vegetables invite admiration on all sides, and the 

 most irreverent have a sense of the blessings of Provi- 

 dence, and the heart involuntarily rejoices. 



A little reflection makes the conclusion inevitable that 

 Thanksgiving Day and its festivities are not conventional 

 or arbitrary, but the irrepressible desire to mark an era of 

 good feeling that welis up spontaneously in the heart, and 

 is as necessary for our happiness as the air wc breathe. 



Now it is that separated families get together and sit 

 close, because the weather is cold and the blazing fire nec- 

 essary for physical comfort. The son who has wandered 

 off, or the favorite daughter who has changed her name 

 and left the paternal roof, come back on Thanksgiving 

 Day to the old homestead, and for the nonce live over their 

 youthful days and make new allegiances of love to kind 

 parents and devoted relatives. Nor are those who have 

 departed forever forgotten; a silent tear is dropped on their 

 memory, and the boisterous mirth is chastened but not sup- 

 pressed by these sad recollections. 



The return of Thanksgiving Day in the country calls 

 forth various devices for amusement. The old rusty gun 

 is cleaned up, and shooting matches of all kinds are ex- 

 temporized, the most popular and harmonious with the 

 occasion being that of turkey shooting. Doubly hilarious 

 is the festive board when the favorite bird has been ob- 

 tained "by the best shot," though the expenditure for lead 

 and powder cost possibly five times its market price. These 

 are jolly exhibitions, these turkey shooting matches, and 

 we are pleased to know that they prevail in our rural dis- 

 tricts with all the spirit and fire of the olden times, at 

 which often crashes with sharp report some old Queen Ann's 

 fowling piece, that has done a good century's service of 

 wear and tear. 



Now ambitious lads have their peculiar sports. They 

 get out their fowling pieces— old flint locks, and "single 

 bar'ls" without any locks, and with a stump tailed dog 

 make the hickory groves ring with the explosions of vil- 

 lainous saltpetre. The objective points are innumerable 

 squirrels, that at first, alarmed by the noise, run into their 

 holes in desperate fright, but presently, finding out there is 

 no harm in the scattering shot, it being so badly aimed, 

 "bushy tails" resume their foraging work, and from their 

 high nestling places laugh and chatter derisively, to the 

 great annoyance of the jolly juveniles. But stump tail 

 barks, the woods ring with echoes, the boys laugh, and the 

 enjoyment, alas! is sweeter than will be found in after life. 

 There was a cunniug old publican, when we were in 

 charge of a boarding school, who got up a Thanksgiving 

 shooting match for the "Academy boys" who didn't go 

 home for a Thanksgiving dinner. It was very kind in him 

 to recollect tis when we were left literally out in the cold. 

 We thought well of that old publican because he furnished 

 us at a low price with a fowling piece loaded with shot, 

 and a bird tied to a stake thirty yards away for a prize. 

 We, infants imxlus, with all our holiday spending money, 

 repaired to Irk inn, and in presence of all the "Solon Shin- 

 gles" of the vicinity commenced our grand display as 

 marksmen. The victim, or prize, as you please, was an 

 old game rooster called General Santa Anna, that had lived 

 for years in the vicinity to the terror of all dung hill fowls; 

 but he was getting old now, his feet were gouty, his head 

 out of shape from innumerable fights, and in fact, as we 

 subsequently learned, he had nothing left of the original 

 bird but his indomitable spirit. By the laws of our shoot- 

 ing match with the publican the first boy that brought down 

 Santa Anna was to have him for a prize. We, one and all, 

 pegged away, making the dust fly about the old hero; but 

 beyond this, to him harmless annoyance, he undauntedly 

 faced the fire ; in fact, he seemed to like it. Once and a 

 while a stray buck shot would lodge in his neck, or crease 

 his mrprotected legs, whereupon he would stand on his tip 

 toes and scream out his defiance, then cuddle down and 

 cluck to us with affectionate notes, as if we were a brood 

 of chickens. The result wae, that in piecemeal we fired 



away all our Thanksgiving pocket money, and when wc 

 departed from the scene of our juvenile exploits old Santa 

 Anna gave a sereeching note of derision at our poor aim 

 and harmless shot, and the various Solon Shingles, who 

 with the landlord, enjoyed our discomfiture, unanimously 

 agreed "that that ere game cock could have stood up adn 

 our fire for six months." x\nd we think he could. 



But all hail the festivities of Thanksgiving Day. Under 

 its cheering influence and inspiration we will endeavor fer- 

 tile moment to forget the panic, the unavoidable troubles 

 of a "wicked world," and offer the incense t to heaven of a 

 grateful heart. 



A time honored and goodly custom is the keeping of this 

 day of rest. May we — though times have been hard and 

 fortunes have been swept away, though horrid war seems 

 to loom up in the distance — may we still assemble on this 

 and future Thanksgiving Days and thank the Beneficent 

 Giver for all the acts of mercy and goodness he has shown 

 to us. 



-*-*4» 



i 



THE SACRAMENTO SALMON. 



THIS journal has already published in general terms, 

 in common with other newspapers, a history of the 

 operations of the United States Fish Commission in Cali- 

 fornia, and its success in procuring and forwarding to east- 

 ern waters a large quantity of the salmon ova of tile Sacra- 

 mento. We are now gratified to be able to present our 

 readers with an official account of the same by the kind 

 courtesy of Livingston Stone, Esq., the indefatigable gentle- 

 man who had charge of the II. S. Salmon Breeding Camp 

 on the McCloud River. Mr. Stone writes to the Forest and 

 Steeam from his " Cold Spring Trout Ponds" at Charles- 

 town, New Hampshire, under date of November 19th, as 

 follows : — 



" Our operations this year in getting salmon spawn in 

 California were more successful than they were last year. 

 Last year I received my instructions barely in time to 

 reach the spawning grounds of the salmon by the first of 

 September. The McCloud River, which offered the best 

 facilities for the work, is, as you are probably aware, in- 

 habited only by Indians, and our nearest source of supplies 

 at that time being at Red Bluff, fifty miles distant, it was 

 the middle of September before Ave could get to work to 

 collect the eggs. 



Judging from precedents at the east, where the salmon 

 never spawn before October, we supposed we had plenty of 

 time, but to our astonishment we found on catching the 

 parent salmon that they had nearly all spawned, the season 

 here being at least six weeks earlier than on the eastern 

 rivers,, the Minimichi for instance, where the salmon begin 

 to spawn about the loth of October. It was too late to 

 make a great success that year, so we contented ourselves 

 with taking a few thousand eggs, and waiting till the next 

 to complete the experiment. It was the fault of no one, for 

 after the funds were ready for disbursement at the Treasury 

 Department, not a day was lost in pushing the work to its 

 accomplishment. 



This year, however, I started in good season, and on the 

 19th of August the water was turned on to the hatching 

 troughs and everything was ready for collecting eggs. We 

 considered the day an auspicious one for this event, because 

 on the same afternoon about sundown, with the help of our 

 whole force of whites, and a dozen Indians, we erected a 

 fifty feet flag staff and hoisted a large American flag over 

 the camp. 



On the 26th of August we took the first salmon eggs, 

 23,000 in number, and continued taking eggs from this 

 time till the 22d of September. The number which I was 

 instructed by Prof. Baird, the Head of the United States 

 Fish Commission, to furnish, was one million, but knowing 

 the great liabilities to loss in hatching and transportation, 

 I took two million eggs in all, allowing 500,000 for waste in 

 hatching, and 500,000 for loss in transportation. On the 

 12th Sept, the first eye spots made their appearance, and on 

 the 20th Sept. I sent eastward the first shipment, number- 

 ing 800,009. The balance of the eggs, as they became 

 properly matured for forwarding, was shipped at intervals 

 up to the middle of October, when the last of a quarter of a 

 million was packed and sent to Dr. Slack of New Jersey. 



The waste in hatching and transportation was about 

 what was provided for, so that very nearly the stated quota 

 of a million eggs arrived at their destinations alive. 



They were sent in various proportions to Dr. J. H. Slack, 

 New Jersey; Mr. James Duffy, Pennsylvania; George H. 

 Jerome, Michigan; Seth Green, New York; Charles G. 

 Atkins, Maine; E. A. Brackett, Mass.; F. W. Webber, 

 New Hampshire; A. P. Rockwood, Great Salt Lake, Utah. 

 Their final destinations are the Suscmehanna, Potomac, 

 Delaware, Schuylkill, and James Rivers; Lake Superior, 

 Lake Champlain, Great Salt Lake, and the tributaries of the 

 Mississippi. Very truly yours, 



Livingston Stone." 

 It will be perceived that the waters of the Hudson are not 

 included in the distribution designated above, inasmuch as 

 our correspondent had not been advised at the time of writ- 

 ing, of the determination of the Chief of the Fish Commis • 

 sion to include the Hudson, as announced in the last num- 

 ber of Forest and Stream over his own signature. There 

 can be no doubt of the wisdom of Prof, Baird's decision in 

 this matter, for certainly no waters are better adapted for 

 salmon propagation and growth than the clear cold tribu- 

 taries of our noble river; and those gentlemen who have 

 urged it upon his attention through the columns of this 

 paper are very competent to judge of the whole subject in 

 all its bearings, ah ova itsc/ve yicda. Y\~e are informed that 



