340 NOTES ON THE CANJD.E OF THE WHITE KIVEE OLIGOCENE. 



arch at a higher level, though they are still very prominent and carry large, concave 

 facets for the second pair of ribs. The neural spine is somewhat heavier than on the 

 preceding vertebra, and was probably higher, as well, but in none of the specimens is the 

 spine preserved for its entire length. 



The other vertebra? in the anterior part of the thoracic region have rather small 

 centra, and in general character are very much like those of Cards. The (?) sixth 

 vertebra has a curiously shaped spine, which exaggerates the condition seen in the modern 

 genus ; its proximal portion is inclined very strongly backward, while the distal portion 

 is curved so as to project upward ; the other thoracies, as far back as the (?) tenth, have 

 similar spines. One very marked difference from the recent Canidce consists in the deep 

 notch which, in Daphwnus, separates the two prezygapophyses. The anticlinal vertebra 

 is probably, as in the existing dogs, the tenth, and at this point the thoracic vertebra? 

 undergo an abrupt change of character, assuming more the appearance of lumbars. In 

 ( 'arris the spine of the tenth thoracic is exceedingly small and much lower than those of 

 the ninth and eleventh, but in Daphcenus, on the other hand, the spine is much better 

 developed, both in length and thickness; the postzygapophyses are small, somewhat 

 convex and placed high up upon the neural arch, presenting outward. The (?) eleventh 

 thoracic is not preserved in any of the specimens. The (?) twelfth and thirteenth are 

 much like lumbars, except for the smaller and lower spines, thickened at the distal 

 end, and for the entire absence of transverse processes, which in Carris are present, though 

 very short, even on the thirteenth; the anapophyses are remarkably long and stout, 

 being much heavier and more prominent than in the recent dogs, and high, massive 

 metapophyses rise above the prezygapophyses. 



The lumbar vertebra (PI. XIX. Fig. 8) were probably seven in number, though not 

 mnre than six have been found in connection with any one specimen. These vertebrae 

 are remarkable tin- their relatively great size and massiveness, and for the length of all 

 their processes, being in these respects feline, rather than canine in character and appear- 

 ance. Assuming that seven is the full number, the missing one will then be the third, 

 and the following description is made upon that assumption. The centra increase in 

 length posteriorly, reaching a maximum in the fifth and sixth, but the seventh is no 

 longer than the first, though much broader and heavier. Compared with those of Carris, 

 these centra are longer, stouter, less depressed and more rounded. The transverse pro- 

 cesses are longer and heavier than in Cartis and less so than in the large species of Felis. 

 The neural spines are likewise intermediate in character between those of the recent dons 

 ami of the larger felines: they are much higher, more extended antero-posteriorly, more 

 thickened at the distal end and more steeply inclined forward, than in the former. In 

 D.felinus especially, the great height of these spines is very striking and the resemblance 



