NOTES ON THE CANID.E OF THE WHITE RIVER OXIGOCENE. 411 



12. The thoracic vertebra? probably numbered thirteen ; they resemble those of the 

 modern dogs, except for their longer neural spines, and for the much more prominent 

 anapophyses on the last three vertebrae. 



13. The lumbars, probably seven in number, are remarkably large and massive and 

 all their processes are very long ; the appearance of these vertebra? is feline rather than 

 canine. 



14. The sacrum is composed of three vertebra? and resembles that of the larger cats 

 in its size and weight. 



15. The tail is very long and stout, resembling in its proportions and in the devel- 

 opment of the individual vertebra? that of the leopard. 



16. The humerus is in most respects like that of the Machairodonts, Dinictis and 

 Hoplophoneus, having very prominent deltoid and supinator ridges, very low trochlea, 

 large epicondyles and an entepicondylar foramen. 



17. The radius is very feline in character, as is seen in the discoidal head, the slen- 

 der curved shaft and expanded distal end. 



18. The ulna is much less reduced than in the modern dogs, and its shape, espe- 

 cially that of the distal end, is much more feline than canine. 



19. The only carpal element preserved is the scapho-lunar which is very like that 

 of the Maehairodont Hoplophoneus. 



20. There are five metacarpals which are not at all like those of modern dogs, the 

 pollex being far longer and all of the metacarpals having short, slender, rounded shafts, 

 spheroidal distal trochlea?, and a divergent instead of a parallel arrangement. The con- 

 tact of mc. ii with the magnum and of mc. iv with the unciform is much less than in 

 the true felines and about as in the Machairodonts. 



21. The pelvis is maehairodont rather than canine, the ilium being relatively short 

 and narrow, the ischium long, with inconspicuous tuberosity, and the obturator foramen 

 large ; the pubic symphysis is elongate. 



22. The femur is not very long in proportion to the size of the animal ; its troch- 

 lea is very low and shallow ; a third trochanter appears to have been present. 



23. The patella is like that of Dinictis, being broad, thin and almond-shaped. 



24. The tibia is short and slender and bears considerable resemblance to that of 

 Dinictis ; its distal end bears a very large internal malleolus and feebly grooved astra- 

 galar trochlea. 



25. The fibula is much stouter than in Canis and has more thickened ends. 



26. The tarsus is, on the whole, of maehairodont or viverrine character, but with 

 not a few canine features. 



27- The metatarsus has five members, a well-developed hallux being present ; the 



