12 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



and enamel very thick ; ridges very low ; resembles Plate XVIII. A. 

 fig. 1.— B.M. 



Fig. 10. — E. planifrons. Lower (upper in MS.) jaw, left side, with 

 penultimate and last molar. The whole of the penultimate much worn ; 

 the two front ridges worn out ; has eight ridges and a very small heel. 

 The tooth is very broad for its length ; has a great abundance of 

 cement ; the enamel is very thick ; figured for the remarkable fact of 

 there being no crimping whatever, only a little flexuosity, and no 

 mesial expansion. Last tooth is quite untouched by wear. — B.M. 



Length of penultimate, 7" in. Width of ditto behind, 3'7 in. Length of first 

 five ridges of last tooth, 5 - 6 in. Width at third plate, 3 - 7 in. Height of fifth 

 plate unworn, 3'8 in. 



Plate XII. 



Figs. 1 and 1 a. — Elephas 'planifrons. Antepenultimate milk molar 

 of upper jaw, with four ridges ; drawn of natural size. Fig. 1 b sIioavs 

 a vertical section of same tooth. 



Fig. 2. — E. planifrons. Section of second milk molar, upper jaw, right 



side. It has six main ridges, and back talon and front heel. The four 



front ridges are touched by wear ; great quantity of cement and thick 



enamel. Resembles the third milk molar in Plate VI. figs. 4 and 5. — B.M. 



Length, 3 - 8 in. Greatest width, 2 - 3 in. 



Fig. 3. — (None in the plate). 



Figs. 4 and 4 a. — E. planifrons. First true molar, upper jaw, much 

 worn, showing five ridges and a heel remaining ; two ridges probably 

 gone. — B.M. 



Length, 5'2 in. Width, 2-8 in. 



Fig. 5. — E. planifrons. Fragment of upper jaw with first and penul- 

 timate true molar. The first molar is that numbered as fig. 4. The 

 penultimate has eight ridges and a front heel. The specimen is broken 

 behind, but the artist in the drawing has repaired the eighth ridge 

 and added a little. Another first true molar in Plate VI. fig. 5 (See 

 also note 2, page 7). 



Length of penultimate, 8- in. Width, 3 - in. 



Fig. 5 a. — E. planifrons. Is a distinct specimen from fig. 5. It is a 

 most valuable palate specimen, showing entire the penultimate or second 

 true molar on either side. On the left side the cavity for the last molar 

 is seen. The penultimate has eight distinct ridges and a front and 

 back heel ; all the ridges are more or less worn ; the points are few and 

 large, and the enamel thick. Has all the characteristic marks of E. 

 planifrons. Specimen in Mr. W. Ewer's collection. 



Length of left molar, 7'5 in. Width in front at third plate. 3-2 in. Width at 

 last or eighth ridge, 2-6 in. Interval between teeth in front, 3-2 in. Inter- 

 val behind, 5*4 in. 



Figs. 6 and 6 a. — E. planifrons. Penultimate true molar in situ in 

 upper jaw of a large animal. Tooth has eight main ridges. 



Figs. 7 and 7 a. — E. planifrons. This is a beautiful little spe- 

 cimen of right side of lower jaw, containing the second milk molar. 

 It shows a very small front splent, with six main ridges and a small 

 heel limited to the inner two-thirds of the width of the last plate. Has 

 exactly the same number of ridges as the corresponding tooth in young 

 African Elephant (six main plates), but is a larger and broader tooth. 



