20 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



the penultimate are seen. No mentary foramen. Specimen in Geological 

 Society's Museum. (Eeprocluced in Plate IX. of vol. ii.) 



Extreme length of jaw, 26 - in. Divergence of rami, 24 - 5 in. Height at alveolus, 

 9-2 in. Height to broken condyle, 16 - 3 in. Breadth of ascending ramus, 1T5 in. 

 Thickness of jaw, 7' in. Length of anterior molar, 3*9 in. Width, 3 1 in. Length of 

 last molar, 12- in. Width in "front, 3 - l in. Number of plates 18. 



Fig. 5. — Elephas antiquus. * Fragment of lower jaw with first true 

 molar on either side. The number of plates is twelve, with a heel. 

 There is no mentary foramen inside. This specimen formerly belonged 

 to the Earl of Aylesbury, but is now in B.M. ( Vide PL XIV. A. fig. 7). 



Length of right ramus, 14 - 5 in. Height, 5'1 in. Length of right molar, 6 - 7 in. 

 Width, 2-3 in. 



Fig. 6. — Elephas Indicus. Existing Indian Elephant. Specimen from 

 Malacca in Museum of Asiatic Society. The jaw contains the last 

 molar on either side. The number of plates is twenty-two or twenty- 

 three, of which the eleven anterior are worn. 



Extreme length of jaw, 19 - 3 in. Height of condyle, 18*4 in. Breadth of ascend- 

 ing ramus, 9 - in. Thickness of jaw, 5'2 in. Length of molar, 10 - 4 in. Width, 2'9 in. 



Fig. 7. — Elephas Hysudricus. Same specimen as figured in PI. VIII. 

 fig. 4. The description and measurements have been already given. — 

 B.M. 



Fig. 8. — Elephas Africanus. Young lower jaw with two molars 

 (third milk and first true) on left side, and with first true molar and 

 alveolus of third milk molar, right side. The antepenultimate true 

 molar has seven ridges and a back and front talon. From Museum of 

 Asiatic Society. 



Plate XIII. B. 



Lower jaws of elephants in profile. The numbers correspond to the 

 eight specimens figured in PI. XIII. A. In these figures, which repre- 

 sent the groups Loxodon and Euelephas, the back of the symphysis is 

 seen to be a prolongation of the inferior margin into which the diastemal 

 ridges descend with great oblicpuity and also to be attenuated towards 

 the apex, to terminate in an obtuse point. 



Fig. 1. — Elephas primigenius. Showing three outer mentary 

 foramina. 



Fig. 2. — E. primigenius. With two outer mentary foramina on left 

 side. There were four on right side. 



Fig. 3. — E. primigenius. Two outer mentary foramina. 



Fig. 4. — E. antiquus. 2 -Two outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Fig. 5. — E. antiquus. 3 Three outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Fig. 6. — E. Indicus. Five outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Fig. 7. — E. Hysudricus. One small outer mentary on left side. 

 (See also PI. VIII. fig. 4.) 



Fig. 8. — E. Africanus. Three outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Plate XIV. 

 Figs. 1,1a, and 1 b. — Elephas antiquus. 4 Second milk molar, lower 

 jaw, left side, with six ridges and a front and back heel, from Grays, in 

 Essex.— B.M. 



Length, 2-4 in. AVidth, 1-3 in. 



1 Misnamed ' Elephas -meridional-is' in I s See note 1. 

 Plate. See notes pages 18 and 23. 1 See note 1. 



a See last note. 



