DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 29 



Plate XVI. 



Fig 1. — Elephas insignis. Broken cranium, oblique antero- lateral 

 view. Left orbit, etc., gone. This head is very cubical in form, is old, 

 very concave in front and vertically ; teeth broken. Interval between 

 incisive sheaths deep. No tusks. A black specimen in Cautley's collec- 

 tion.— B.M. 



Extreme length from occiput to surface of molars, 26 - in. Depth of brow from 

 occiput to upper margin of nasal opening, 5 - o in. Antero-posterior diameter of orbit, 

 5o in. Width of incisive sheaths at orbitary foramina, 1T4 in. From occipital 

 to brow between middle of orbits, 17 - in. 



Fig. 2. — Lateral view of same skull, as shown in fig. 4, showing 

 zygomatic arch. — B.M. 



Fig. 3. — Posterior view of same skull, as in Plate XVII. figs. 1 and 2, 

 showing occiput, occipital foramen, and condyles. — B.M. 



Fig. 4. — Palate view of skull with last upper molars, from a speci- 

 men in H. F.'s collection, the same as shown in fig. 2. — B.M. 



Length of palate to commencement of diastemal ridges, 10 - in. Length of 

 molar, 9"4 in. Number of plates 10, and a heel; probably two plates dropped 

 out in front. Interval between molars in front, 1-9 in.; interval behind, 3 - in. 

 Height of pterygoids to palate, 10 - in. Length of articulating surfaces for condyles 

 of lower jaw, 5"4 in. ; width, 2*6 in. Transverse diameter of right tusk, 3*5 in. 

 Length of zygomatic arch, 14 - 3 in. Length of temporal fossa, 9'in. ; width of 

 temporal fossa from pterygoids to maxillary surface, 7'8 in. Antero-posterior 

 diameter of orbits, 63 in. 



Plate XVII. 



Figs. 1 and 2. — Elephas insignis. Anterior and lateral view of 

 cranium, same as represented in Plate XVI. fig. 3. — B.M. 



Extreme length from occipital bulge to plane of molars, 23" in. From occipital 

 bulge to broken tips of incisives, 24* in. Extreme width of occiput, 25'5 in. Width 

 of brow at post-orbitaries, 24-4 in. Greatest contraction of brow between tem- 

 porals, 18' in. From occipital plane to tip of nasals, 7'9 in. Width of naso- 

 maxillary opening, 113 in. Depth of opening at wings, 3 - 2in. Contraction of 

 incisives at orbitary foramen, 12 - 2 in. Vertical height of orbit, 5 - 3 in. From 

 occipital condyles to anterior end of palate, 22 - in. From anterior margin of 

 occipital to posterior surface of palate, 12 - in. Length of palate to commence- 

 ment of diasteme, lT8in. Height from sphenoid to tip of pterygoids, 9 - 8in. 

 Width of palate posteriorly between molars, 3 - 2 in. Width of palate in front, 

 2-8 in. From posterior surface of pterygoid to extremity of molar, 5"1 in. Height 

 from occipital condyles to middle of brow between the orbits, 20'5in. Distance 

 between the outer margins of the occipital condyles, 7'2 in. Vertical diameter 

 of occipital condyles, 2-8 in. Transverse diameter of occipital condyles (length 

 of one), 3'8 in. Transverse diameter of occipital foramen, 2 - 9in. Vertical 

 diameter of occipital foramen, 2- in. From occiput to anterior margin of orbit 

 15 6 in. 



Figs. 3 and 4. — E. insignis. Anterior and lateral view of another 

 cranium. Both zygomatic arches are missing, and the left side of the 

 cranium is deficient. Shows the great length of the incisive sheaths. — 

 B.M. 



Plate XVIII. 



Fig. 1. — Elephas insignis. Very young skull. — B.M. 

 Fig. 2. — Elephas insignis. Young skull with milk dentition. — B.M. 

 Fig. 3. — Elephas insignis. Skull of a middle-aged individual — B.M. 

 Fig. 4. — Elephas insignis. Lower jaw with two (second and third) 

 true molars. The specimen comprises only the right side, with symphysis 



C 



