30 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



and beak. The left side has been restored in outline. The ascending 

 ramus is broken off. — B.M. 



Figs. 5 and 5 a. — E. insignis. LoAver jaw, left side, with ascending 

 ramus, but condyle broken off. Contains portion of last true molar. 

 Fig. 5 a is a view of inner surface, with large opening for nutritious 

 artery. — B.M. 



Figs. 6 and 6 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw, left side, 

 of smaller individual, including ascending ramus and condyle. — B.M. 



Fig. 7. — Elephas planifrons. Fragment of lower jaw with portions 

 of two true molars. — B.M. 



Plate XVIII. A. 



Figs. 1 and 1 a. — Elephas planifrons. Last molar, lower (upper in 

 MS.) jaw, left side. An enormous specimen in H. F.'s collection. 

 Enamel very thick and denticles few. Eight plates. Is very like fig. 9 

 of Plate XL, and fig. 8 of Plate XIV.— B.M. 



Length, 10 - 4 in. ; width, 4*1 in. ; height, 3*2 in. 



Figs. 2 and 2 a. — E. planifrons. Last lower molar, right side. A 

 very large specimen ; enamel very thick ; plates low ; has a great fang 

 in front ; true type of large E. planifrons. This specimen is figured 

 in a former plate (XI. 5). — B.M. 



Length, 1G"5 in. "Width, 4-2 in. Height, 3 - 2 in. Height of plate where broken 

 behind, 3'S in. 



Figs. 3 and 3 a. —Elephas insignis. Lower jaw containing on either 

 side a molar with twelve ridges and a heel, the first six ridges worn ; 

 nine denticles to the seventh ridge ; one large outer nientary foramen, 

 none inside. — B.M. 



Length of jaw, 20" in. Height at alveolus, 9' in. Length of molar, 12-2 in. 

 Width of molar, 35 in. 



Figs. 4 and 4 a. — E. insignis. Lower jaw, right side, with symphysis, 

 but ascending ramus broken off. Contains two molars in situ ; four 

 ridges to first and seven to second ; plates very deep. Edge of diasteme 

 sharp; no mentary foramen shoAvn. — B.M. 



Extreme length of fragment of jaw, 18 - 2 in. Height at alveolus, 6 - 6 in. Greatest 

 width, 6.6 in. Width of anterior molar, 34 in. Of last molar, 3 - 5 in. 



Figs. 5 and 5 a. — E. insignis. Lower jaw, left side, containing last 

 molar with eleven ridges and a heel of two points ; the seven ridges in 

 front are worn ; plenty of cement. One large mentary foramen. — B.M. 



Extreme length of fragment, 19- in. Height at alveolus, 7'4 in. Greatest 

 width, 7'4 in. Length of molar, 11 -3 in. Width in front, 4 - in. 



Figs. 6 and 6 a. — Mastodon Sivalensis. Lower jaw. Very indistinct 

 specimen ; teeth utterly worn out ; enamel gone. One mentary fora- 

 men outside. Shows well the non-divergence of the rami behind. — B.M. 



Height of jaw to alveolus, 8* in. Length of molar, 8-5 in. Interval between 

 molars in front, 2"8 in. Interval between molars behind, 2'8 in. 



Plate XIX. 



Figs. 1 and 1 a. — Elephas insignis. Fragment of upper jaw containing 

 first (b) and second milk molars, in situ. The second milk molar shows 

 six ridges. — B.M. 



Its length is 2 - 7 in., and greatest width, 16 in. It closely corresponds with a 

 specimen in the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 



