32 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



brow, and the great depth of the trunk fossa. In this respect it 

 resembles Mastodon Sivalensis, but there is no great divergency 

 of the tusks, as in that species. The tusks are small and nearly 

 cylindrical. The front tooth, very fine, has eight main ridges and a 

 front and back heel ; the back tooth entirely in germ, shows ten plates, 

 the hindmost reversed, and the ridges like compressed plates. — B.M. 



Length of anterior molar, left side, 9'7 in. Width at second ridge, 3 - 5 in. 

 Interval in front "between the molars, 2"6 in. Interval between the molars behind, 

 3-6 in. Length of palate from niche to diasteme, 9'7 in. Depth of trunk fossa, 

 8-2 in. ! 



Figs. 5 and 5 a. — Elephas bombifrons. Portion of skull showing 

 palate with two teeth on either side. The front tooth has six ridges ; 

 the back one nine ridges and a front and back heel, only one ridge 

 worn. The teeth have a great cpiantity of cement and the enamel is 

 roughly fluted. These are characters of E. bombifrons rather than of 

 E. insignis, as the figure is designated in the plate. The back tooth is 

 very narrow behind, and so it is in E. bombifrons. The sjDecimen 

 resembles PI. XXIX. fig. 2.— B.M. 



Length of front tooth, left side, 7"2 in. Width, 3 - 6 in. Length of back molar, 

 11-1 in. Width, 4-2 in. 



Plate XX. 



Figs. 1 and 1 a. — Elephas insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with 

 two milk molars (second and third). — B.M. - 



Figs. 2 and 2 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with milk 

 molar (third). The tooth has seven ridges and a front talon. — B.M. 



Figs. 3 and 3 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with second 

 and third milk and first true molars. The first and last teeth are im- 

 perfect. — B.M. 



Figs. 4 and 4 a. — E. insignis. Lower molar (second true ?) with ten 

 ridges, five front ridges worn ; ten denticles in fourth ridge from back. 

 —B.M. 



Figs. 5 and 5 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw including 

 ascending ramus, with portion of back molar. — B.M. 



Figs. 6 and 6 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw containing 

 second true molar with nine ridges and front and back heel ; not at all 

 worn. — B.M. 



Figs. 7 and 7 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw containing 

 last true molar, with twelve or thirteen ridges, the five front ridges 

 worn. 



Figs. 8 and 8 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with last true 

 molar containing about twelve ridges, of which only the three front 

 ridges are worn ; the greater part of the tooth still in germ. (Re- 

 produced in Plate V. of vol. ii.) 



Figs. 9 and 9 a. — E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with (second? 

 true) molar ; ten ridges, or nine ridges and a back talon. Fragment of 

 another tooth in front. Specimen in Geol. Soc. Museum. For further 

 description see PL XX. A. fig. 6. 



Plate XX. A. 



Figs. 1 and 1 a. — Elep>has Ganesa (Falc. and Caut.). From the 

 Sewalik hills. Lower jaw with first and second true molars. Proved to 

 be so by fig. 2. A most remarkable jaw, very high in front and with 



