FOREST AND STREAM. 



193 



our own experience gi 



Lount of work between the two. IE there wns 



attend I er, al] the work became so much easier 



that bandiacss more thim made up foreomptesily. You can- 

 not have one without the 



PaBBtttaa Yaoht Cnur. (San Francisco).— The following 

 officers have been elected: Robert McMillan, President; 

 Chas. W. Sinvrs. Vi.v. President ■: Dan Jones, Secretary; D, 

 MoMUltm, Treasurer ; Thos. Craig, Commander- Another 

 one of those clubsin which all hands are " kurnals, jedges and 



o 1 igh privates for the rear ranks, which 

 ouliar to eo. Come, gentlemen, atop such child's 



mi an honest yacht club like the 8. F. Y. C. 



Stakhoai'.d and Port.— It was high time that some one 

 should come out most, forcibly against the silly crusade recent- 

 ed in England against the terms starboard and port, 

 and we ale glaj sailor has at last taken up I he 



i the lubbers who would fain substitute right 

 and left and use theae terms in a sense conflicting with the 

 Dautical conceptions of steering and conning in vogue since 

 time immemorial. The writer m the Mi eh lumber of the 

 ffautb London, leaves little worth saving 



of the stupid anarchists, who itch to try experiments, for 

 which there exists uo call Whatever save in their own 

 narrowed sphere o[ conception. Bte i re done 



away with a good deal of the Beam tsl I old a times, 

 but the day has not yet arrived For landsmen to mount 

 a ship on cart wheels and steer her as you would a nag 

 before a 'bus. Tbe Nautical Magazine is on the right side of 

 the question, and until the movement reaches America, which 

 is not likely, we leave the lubbers and their phantom griev- 

 ances and petty crotchets in its care. The magazine contains 

 much interesting matter besides. Protection and free trade 

 crop up again in its pages, while very full accounts {if the re- 

 cent voyages to the Obi and Yenisei Rivers in Siberia afford 

 material for relief to economists seeking for "new markets." 



HoLMKsricnu Vaout Cure,— This is the title of a flew or- 

 liuLi with headquarters at Holmesburg, Fa., on the Del- 

 aware. The club's fleet consists mainly of that type which 

 has become peculiar to Philadelphia and vicinity. 1: 



- : Captain, Charles MyeiB j President, George Anglan; 

 Vice-President, George Hart; ; Secretary, Robert Fleming; 

 Treasurer. George "Ward. Several ether private clnh nave 

 sprung into existence, all of which will sooner or later merge 

 into one strong body. Their formation, however, argues 

 much for the spread of the sport among the masses. 



Nautioes in tub South. — Our well-known contributor 

 "Mauticus" b4s been sojourning in Florida for some time 

 past. Thia is what he says of the boat for tie.-,; waters : 

 " Sine- coming to Florida I have discovered that my favorite 

 model would be comparatively useless in these waters. What 

 is wanted here is a boat that will run on a heavy dew . 

 of our Water is very shoal, and she must at the same time be 

 a fair sea boat, for a storm in these wide waters is no child's 

 play. Perhaps the sharpie may be the coming boat for Flori- 

 da, who knows? 



Oub I! scon Fbiebd. — Says a correspondent : " One ' Bin- 

 nacle,' who recently wrote to a small turf paper in New York 

 about the models of D. J. Lawlor, of Chelsea, has made him- 

 self the laughing Block among the few that see thai .; 

 here in Boston. Commenting upon the schooner now build- 

 ing for Mr. Jones at Eawley & Sons upon a Lawlor model. 

 ' Binnacle ' says : 'It embodies all of his many vagaries, and 

 is not much unlike the Vaniia;.' consumptive how, dropsical 

 stern.' Now, when it i. - '< thatthe Vanita* is ac- 

 knowledged to be by fai schooner Of her lenj 



these waters, the readers of Forest and Stream can 



how much the fellow 'Binnacle,' who, by the way. keeps a 



junk yard in East Boston, knows about Boston yachts." 



Origin oe Long Bows.— Hollow lines and a long bow are 

 not the result of the divine, genius commonly attributed to 

 Geo. Steers, builder of the America, but were in this country 

 the result of theoretical investigations by the famous 81 

 of Hoboken. is is well known that he had delineated the 

 wave-line bow upon paper and attached meich importance to 

 it as a necessary adjunct to speed many years before llie ad- 

 vent of the famous schooner that turned all vessels 

 end. Stevens engaged in some experiments with the old 

 time Una, concerning which the following from the Boston 

 Herald will be found of interest: 



" The Una, also a former Long Wharf yacht, has been 

 changed into a schooner. She is now hauled up at Ports- 

 mouth, and is being rebuilt above, the water-line. The history 

 of the Una is one of the great improvements in American 

 yacht building. She made her first appearance in 1845, being 

 built upon a, model furnished by George Steers, whicl 

 bined what were then considered the essential points for 

 great speed, 'seed's head and mackerel tail.' Her full en- 

 trance caused so much resistance forward that it was deter- 

 mined to lengthen her bow seven feet, and in 1846 she showed 

 a marked increase in speed. Subsequently, Mr. Stevens 

 suggested to Steer? that if an addition of seven feet had been 

 ; an improvement, how much greater speed could be 

 i <i by making it seventeen. Ten more feet were added, 

 and the result was a -loop which is still considered to have- 

 been second only to the Julia. These experiments may be 

 considered the cause of the supremacy of American yachts 

 over all others, George Steers declared that if it were not for 

 the Buocess of the Una tie would not dared to have given the 

 Amcrim her long, fine bow, which upon her triumph over all 

 rased such a revolution iu English yacht 



Cutter Stock Looking Dp. — Piepgras, of Greenpoint, 

 whose yard is located iu Huron St., below Franklin, has in 

 hand arid nearly finished a fine little cutter of the Corinthian 

 order. She is 24 ft. on water-line, 39ft. on deck, 8ft. 

 and 4ft. Bin. hold. She will have a small house and cockpit, 

 and will be fall cutter rigged, sliding bowsprit and all. Jus 1 . 

 the style of boat we wish to see displace the everlasting shingle 

 bottoms with their confined quarters, lack of deck room and 

 genera] unseaw* rthiaess. As this cutter represents a change 

 which indicates an important madification in the coming type 

 of small cruisers, we reserve a more minute description for a 

 future number, The same builder has finished a fini 

 launeii totes Lake, this State. 



She was built under the superintendence of Mr. Roosevelt 

 Schuyler. Piepgras also expects to lay down another cutter, 

 uer-liue and Tft. beam, before long. The cutter is 

 evidently destined to become quite po] I ise who 



desire to have a reliable boat under their feet, and combine 

 oomiaess with handmess and good all-round dualities. 



Iron on; ie I ce coming to it. What, v. 



cutters building in New York and the deep keel boats of Bos- 

 ton, it is evident that a new type of l> oat willsoon be evolved. 

 Mr. Rood, of Boston, is now building a sloop 89ft, over all, 



26ft. on water-line, Oft. Bin. beam and -1ft. Gin. draft, with 

 S of iron on her keel. 



QonsjoS (Mass.) Yacut Club.— This club now numbers 

 sixty-live members, of whom the. very large proportion of 

 forty-two are yacht owners. The craft range from 10 to 30ft. 



Buffalo Taoht Club. — The Buffalo Yacht Club have 

 adopted the Seawanhaka sailiug regulations, including the 

 Corinthian features. 



Columbia Yacht Club.— The annual match of the club 

 lias been set down for June 23. 



Empire (Hamvem) Yacht Club.— The following officers 

 have been elected for the year: Commodore, A. I. Bruck ; 

 Vice-Commodore, Daniel O'Brien ; Rear-Commodore, John S. 

 JVlcDuff; President, N. Lock wood ; Secretary, James Mac- 

 Clymont ; Assistant Secretary, Wm. Richards; Treasurer, 

 William C. Forman ; Measurer, Daniel Quinn , Fleet Surgeon, 

 E, Euger, M. D.; Judga Advocate, H. Andrews; Chaplain, 

 William II. Sharp. Trustees, George W- Rennert, William 

 H. Decker, L. P. Decker, A. Panicke, John Widder Re- 

 gatta Committee— Henry Weymau, Jr., E. J. McDonald, I. 

 Lowenthal, T. Wersbe, Richard Cnllen ; Sergeant-at-Arins, 

 Edward Phelan. The annual regatta will take place on Tues- 

 day, June 10, to and around Gangway Buoy and return. 



Sotjth Boston Yacht Club.— There were admitted 124 

 new members for the year against only twenty-four dropped. 

 The fleet comprises 42 vessels ; 6 schooners, 21 sloops and 12 

 cats. The following officers have been elected for the year : 

 Commodore, John M. Charnock; Vice-Commodore, John H. 

 Giblin; Fleet Captain, J. G. Chambers; Treasurer, T. Chris- 

 tian ; Secretary, William Morris ; Measurer, W. K. Pryor. 



08TOS Yaoht Club.— A " union regatta," in other words 

 an open match, will be held June 21. Entries accepted from 

 all recognized yacht clubs. 



Sale ot the Iulee.— The schooner Idler, Mr. Sam'l. J. 

 Colgate, N. Y. Y. C, has been sold to parties from Chicago. 

 She will hereafter hail from the lakes. This winds up Mr. 

 Colgate's career as a yachtsman, unless he should determine 

 in, something that is to be devoutly wished, as 

 the community cannot spare such yachtsmen without serious- 

 ly feeling their loss. Mr, Colgate is Commodore of the Sea- 

 wanhaka Y. C. at the present "time. 



Thb Murium.,.— This pretty cutter has been on the screw- 

 docks, this city, during last week, and has had If tons of her 

 inside ballast removen, and the same amount bolted to the 

 keel, making 7J tons in all outside. 



THE QUESTION OF TYPE. 



(Continued from page 175.) 



When I had my yacht completed andlcomruenced to sail her, 

 I wm, as may be imagined, somewhat nervous as to the result. 

 I had -been Bolemnly assured that she was too heavy and solid to 

 sail fast, as she would not yield to the eea ; that aba was over- 

 sparred, and could not stand her canvas ; that she had not spars 

 enough, and ought to have more canvas ; that aha was too blunt- 

 bowed, and would not enter the water right ; that she didn't have 

 enough overhang astern ; that she needed aider counters to make 

 her sail batter; — iu short, I got advice from ovary body who saw ma, 

 gratis, from yacht builders in Boston down to the boy that picked 

 up chips in iho ship-yard, and one and all were confident that they 

 know just how to improve upon my rig or model. I had a con- 

 stant battle to carry out my idea and rigidly conform to her proto- 

 Oji 'Vi-li. we tried her. The first day, the crack deep-water 

 yacht ot Lynn came out by preconcerted arrangement, and hitched 

 on, sea smooth and breeza light, and we sailed by her to leeward 

 within a few rods, going throe foet to her two. Before my trial 

 trip, soma of our yachtsmen had dabbed hor "the fisherman, '■' 

 but, they soon learned to let me alone, 1 have tried her with the 

 best fair-weather sloops in this vicinity, and 1 can work right 

 away from them to windward with a moderate breeze and smooth 

 sua. UTadoap, among others, hitched on to mo while I was going 

 free, being a quarter of a mile to windward, and her bowsprit lap- 

 ing my after quarter, and in running Ihree miles we were close 

 hauled, having her dead astern and leaving her fast. On another 

 occasion I triad my yacht in a stiff breeze and head soa with 

 America, and kept up with her close hauled. Of course, going 

 free, aha can outrun me, being longer, the same as she would 

 an English cutter of my size. 



So much for the seagoing qualities and speed of my yacht. 

 1 think you will agree with me that, being exactly like her fisher- 

 man-prototype, I am justified in saying that she has for twenty 

 years been tested in a way that no pleasure yacht is tested iu sea 

 going : for, had as the English Channel may be, .1 will match 

 a good winter's gala off Capo Ann — such as my boat has weathered 

 (by proxy) for twenty years, many and many a time— and give 

 them odds. 



Now for the question of comfort. Your English cutter has her 

 cabin below decks, consequently she has a narrow cabin floor, say 

 4 to 6ft. On each side are transoms, covering the rise of her skin, 

 between her floor and berths. Even with a cabin 12ft. long this 

 will bo found narrow quarters for eight people. The truth is, 

 comfortable room in a cabin must be estimated by the floor, and 

 not by the deck. My cabin floor goes clear across from berth to 

 berth, wiih no transoms, giving me 12x12ft. of clear floor room. 

 I have eany chairs and common chairs, which can bo moved and 

 stretched out or arranged as at home, and plenty of room for them 

 around my round centre-table. In the cutter the only place to 

 put my cabin furniture would be to hang it up to the ceiling. 

 Again, the staterooms in your yawl of lift, beam would be 

 narrower than mine. Take out 2J-£f t. for the passageway between 

 them. There is left 5%ft. of breadth for each stateroom, inclu- 

 ding berth. Subtract 3ft. for berth (same as I have), and the 

 remainder will be 2j!g;f t., while my floor room is IJ^f t. breadth in 

 the stateroom. It is an old saying that the same amount of space 

 in a square room goes twice as far as in » long, narrow one, and I 

 have found it more true in a yacht than anywhere else, 



In the next place, I have the most important element of comfort 

 in an American yacht— that is, the house over the cabin. Tko 

 Englishman does not have it, because he does not need it, for the 

 temperature ol Great Britain never varies to that extent to make 

 it uncomfortable below decks. With us the case is different. 

 All along our Atlantic coast our temperature varies 40 deg. in each 

 momb. Wlni tl iiman would ba cool in his cutter cabin 



at a temper; , we would ba sweltering in the same 



cabin under a temperature of 95 deg. The natives of Greenland 



may live buried in the earth to avoid their extreme cold, but wo 

 would think the natives of Cuba fools to follow the plan because 

 Greenland set the fashion. No mora do I see why I should swelter 

 in a yacht cabin below decks beeauso John Bull adopted that 

 fashion for bis comfort. Hence I affirm that a house with its side 

 lights and skylight is absolutely necessary for comfort on an 

 American yacht. I am entirely heterodox on this Bubject. I have 

 a good houso on my yaoht, and 1 would not part with it for any 

 consideration. Last summer, while I lay in Newport harbor, the 

 etaterooniB of America were so uncomfortable below decks that 

 some of tho company, as they told me, went to a hotel to 

 Bleep in comfort, while my cabin and staterooms were more com- 

 fortable than the hotel, within a cable's length of her. 



In the third place, my boat is more comfort able than your cutter 

 because she is staffer. It is all well enough to Bay that tha cutter 

 does not heel over unduly, but that does not help one to warm 

 dinners, eaten as if on board a steamer. America does not heel 

 over more than an English cutter, and yet I have been out to aea 

 on the same day with her off Block iBland, and had my meals as 

 usual, when Bhe heeled too much to get a watm meal aboard. A 

 cutter carrying her lee rail down to the water is a very trifling 

 thing to endure for a short trip, but when you must work dead to 

 windward for three or four days, and she keeps it up as a business, 

 it gets somewhat monotonous. We have a different climate and a 

 different coast from England, and we will find that our fishermen 

 who weather this olimate and run ihis coast, give ua the vessel we 

 want for cruising in ovary quality excopt speed, and I bolieva they 

 havo also given us this. I propose that the English cutter or 

 yawl of my size come here, and I will take the ugliest day that 

 blows on this coast, and put to sea with him. The result will be 

 that I shall outwork him to windward without overworking myself, 

 while he will be obliged to work hard in wet and discomfort until 

 he gives up from exhaustion or lays to. 



A word or two about rig. Why do our largo fishermen all go 

 sohooner rigged ? Our small ones are, many of them, yawl rigged, 

 and a splendid rig it is, too, for smaller craft. Bat it is not suita- 

 ble for craft of large Bize, which make a business of going to sea. 

 If it were, it would havo been adopted among our largo fishermen, 

 when for the past twenty years we have had it in daily uae an tho 

 smaller ones. And if a cutter or yawl rig is not suitable for a 

 business fisherman, how can it be more suitable for a bnsineas 

 yachtsman— not a dress parade craft ? It is because a large ves- 

 sel can be handled quicker, easier and safer with the schooner 

 rig. When a yacht is above SOf t. koel, if a yawl or a cutter, her 

 mainsail gets too large to handle readily in a blow, without a largo 

 force— and not always then. The schooner, on the contrary, has 

 her sail divided. Take in the foresail, and it is the sanio as a reef 

 in the yawl or a cutter's mainsail. If the mainsail is to be reefed, 

 the foresail can be rolied on to keep her up to the wind and riding 

 easy while doing it, or viae versa ; and the same is true in handling 

 the jib. 



My yacht stands mo in to-day $5,000 less than your cutter or 

 yawl can be built for. This is an important item. Yachting is 

 now regarded by many as too expensive a recreation to be in- 

 dulged in, and unjustly so. Many a man would participate in it if 

 he could do so at a reasonable expense. After tha first outlay iB 

 made for your cutter, the expense of running her wilt be greater 

 than mine. I manage my yacht with two men, a sailing master 

 and a boy when at sea, and I can handle her very well with one 

 man less. Thia could not be done with an 80ft. cutter. I should 

 like to tell you of aomething new I have adopted in the way of cabin 

 finish, but I have already occupied too much space, the only apology 

 for which is a desire in common with you to find the best vessel 

 and rig for a cruising yacht in our chmate and upon our coast. 

 By giving my experience I may assist in the work. To sum up, 

 therefore, I think I have, as compared with your cotter : 1, as 

 good a soa boat (I believe a better) ; 2, a far more comfortable and 

 roomy one ; 3, ono as speedy, especially to windward ; 4, one with 

 less draught of water, and therefore far better for our coast ; 5, a 

 yacht less expensive in the outset, and less expansive to run ; — 

 all of which qualities are indispensable in a cruiser, however they 

 may be in a racing machine. OrES SbJu 



HOW THE WIND BLOWS IN 'FRISCO. 



Editor Forest and Stream : 



Being struck by the statement of your correspondent "Sauce_ 

 lito," touching the 25 to 30 miles per hour zephyrs of San Fran. 

 Cisco Bay, I have taken the trouble to investigate the rate of winds 

 as reported from there to the Signal Office in this city, and though 

 I could not get a full report of each day, I subjoin enough to show 

 that the average breeze there is not quite up to our native galea 

 as represented. The observations are taken at 7:»7 a. m., Wash- 

 ington time, which would bo at about 3 a.m., San Francisco time: 



Feb 11 11 miles per hour. Aug 8 5 miles per hour. 



" 12 2 '• " " 10 " 



" 13 34 " " "31 12 " " 



" 14 12 " " Sept 1 ° " 



'' 16 2 " " * 2 3 " 



" 16 8' " " " 8 8 » " 



" 17 14 " " " 20 5 " 



'< 18 9 '* " " 26 2 " " 



" 19 N W..2S " " " 27 4 " 



'• 20 6 " " Oct 3 4 " '< 



Marchl.3 6 " " " 14 12 " 



" 21 8 " " " 1(5 t " " 



" 24 5 " " " 18 2 " " 



" 26 5 " " Nov 7 4 " 



Mayl3 12 " " " 25 4 " " 



'• 27 4 " " 



" 2S 12 " 



June 6 12 " 



July 31 " " Dec 1 6 



Augl 8 " " " 2 4 



"2 8 " " " 3 8 



" 3 6 " " " 6 4 



" i 8 " " " 28 8 



27.. 



I do not think that a yacht will do any more or lesB in San Fran- 

 cisoo Bay than she can in Long Island Sound, and with a north- 

 easter blowing at the rate of thirty miles an hour I think most 

 craft would not caro to beat from Sand's Point to New Haven, or 

 stir from an anchorage. W r . K. 



As the winds lull at night time, they may freshen up 10 

 miles or more during the day, bringing their strength, very 

 nearly up to that mentioned by our correspondent "Sauce- 

 lito." 



