Appendix to Part I. ijt> 



EXTINCT LAND-SHELLS FROM ST. HELENA. 



The following six species were found associated together, at 

 the bottom of a thick bed of mould; the last two species 

 namely, the Cochlogena fossilis and Helix biplicata were 

 found, together with a species of Succinea now living on 

 the Island, in a very modern calcareous sandstone. 

 These Shells are referred to at p. 101 of this volume. 



1. Cochlogena aueis-vtilpina. De Fer. 



This species is well described and figured in Martini and Chem- 

 nitz's eleventh volume. Chemnitz expresses doubts as to what 

 genus it might properly be referred, and also a strong opinion un- 

 favourable to the conclusion that it should be regarded as a land- 

 shell. His specimens were bought at a public auction in Hamburg, 

 having been sent there by the late G. Humphrey, who appears 

 to have been very well acquainted with their real locality, and who 

 sold them for land-shells. Chemnitz, however, mentions one speci- 

 men in Spengler's collection, in a fresher condition than his own, 

 and which was said to be from China. The representation which he 

 has given is taken from this individual, and appears to me to have 

 been only a cleaned specimen of the St. Helena shell. It is easy to 

 suppose that a shell from St. Helena might have been either acci- 

 dentally or interestedly, after passing through two or three hands, 

 sold as a Chinese shell. I think it is not possible that a shell of 

 this species could have been really found in China ; and among the 

 immense quantities of shells that come to this country from the 

 Celestial Empire, I have never seen one. Chemnitz could not bring 

 himself to establish a new genus for the reception of this remarkable 

 shell, though he evidently could not collate it with any of the then 

 known genera, and though he did not think it a land-shell, he has 

 called it Auris-vulpina. Lamarck has placed it as the second 

 species of his genus Stmthiolaria, under the name of crenulata. 

 To this genus it does not however bear any affinity ; and there can 

 be no doubt about the correctness of De Ferussac's views, who 

 places it in the fourth division of his sub-genus Cochlogena : and 

 Lamarck would have been correct, according to his own principles, 

 if he had placed it with his Auriculce. A variety of this species 

 occurs, which may be characterised as follows : — 



Cochlogena attris-vtjlpina, var. 



Testa subpyramidali, aperturd breviori, labio tenuiori: long. 1*63, 

 aperturce 0*76, lat. 0*87, poll. 



Obs. — The proportions of this differ from those of the usual 

 variety, which are as follows: — Length 1*65, of the aperture !•, 



