GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CRUSTACEA. 14(J5 



Again, in March, in 43° 50' north, 151° east, the sea-temperature 

 was 41° F.; in 44° 50' north, 152° 10' east, 39° F.; in 46° 20' north, 

 156° east, 33° F.; in 49° north, 157° east, 33° F.; and at the same 

 time, west of Kamschatka, in 55° north, 153° east, 38° F. ; in 55° 40' 

 north, 153° west, 38° F. The line of 35° consequently makes a deep 

 bend, nearly to 45° north, along the Kurile Islands. 



South Pacific. — Isocrymes of 74°, 68°, and 62° F. — The tempera- 

 ture of the sea at Guayaquil, on August 3d, was found by Vaillant, to 

 be, in the river, from 70i° to 73i° F., and at the Puna anchorage, 

 August 5 to 12, 74-7° to 75-2° F. But off the coast, August 15, in 

 2° 22' south, 81° 42' west, the temperature was 69-8° F. ; and the 

 next day, in 1° 25' south, 84° 12' west, it was 70° F. ; on the 17th, 1° 

 south, 87° 42' ;west, it was 71-28° F.; and on the 14th, nearer the 

 shore of Guayaquil, in 3° 18' south, 80° 28' west, it was 78° F. 

 Again, at Payta, one hundred miles south of Guayaquil, in 5° south, 

 the sea-temperature was found by Vaillant, July 26 to 31, to be 60*8° 

 to 61 i° F. The isocryme of 74° F., consequently, leaves the coast just 

 north of the bay of Guayaquil, while those of 68° and 62° F., both 

 commence between Guayaquil and Payta. Payta is situated so far out 

 on the western cape of South America that it receives the cold waters 

 of the south, while Guayaquil is beyond Cape Blanco, and protected by 

 it from a southern current. At the Gallapagos, Fitzroy found the tem- 

 perature as low as 58 i° F. on the 29th of September, and the mean for 

 the day was 62°. The average for September was, however, nearer 

 66°. The Gallapagos appear, therefore, to lie in the Warm Temperate 

 Region, between the isocrymes of 62° and 68° F. Fitzroy, in going 

 from Callao to the Gallapagos, early in September, left a sea-tempe- 

 rature of 57° F. at Callao, passed 62° F. in 9° 58' north, and 79° 42' 

 west, and on the 15th, found 68 J ° F. off Barrington Island, one of 

 the Gallapagos. 



In the warm season, the cold waters about the Gallapagos have 

 narrow limits; Beechey found a sea-temperature of 83*58° on the 30th 

 of March, 1827, just south of the equator, in 100° west. But in 

 October, Fitzroy, going westward and southward from the Gallapagos, 

 found a sea-temperature of 66° F. at the same place; and in a nearly 

 straight course from this point to 10° south, 120° west, found the sea- 

 temperatures successively, 68°, 70°, 70-5°, 72-5°, 73-5°, 74°; and 

 beyond this, 75i°, 76i°, 77*° F., the last on November 8, in 14° 24' 



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