A GEOLOGICAL HISTORY. 39 



to our city, and now after a lapse of some 30 years, 

 I rejoice that this limpid stream is led to our 

 doors. There were some few wells and springs 

 on the Island, which were somewhat charged with 

 iron, making them Chalybeate ; the one near 

 where 24th Street, crosses the 8th Avenue, is so 

 strong with iron, that it could not be used, for any 

 useful purpose, neither had it any medicinal quality. 

 Two of these springs were opened at the upper 

 end of the Island, beyond the 8 mile stone, which 

 were also abandoned, having no medical property. 



