SECTION OF THE PALISADES 



West Side of the Hudson River. 



In describing plate second we will begin as be- 

 fore, with the lowest rock. 



1st Granite. — {See plate 2, Jig. 1.) This rock 

 if present, is always seen the lowest. 



The Granite, that underlies the shore of New 

 Jersey, was reached, in boring some few years 

 ago, for fresh water, on the Hoboken meadows ;* 

 the spot selected for this project, was about half 

 way between the ferry wharf and the foot of 

 Bergen hill. The operators after passing through 

 the mud, sand, and other deposits from the river, 

 which once flowed over it, came to the Sandstone 

 which was easily passed through, and then to a 

 much harder rock, which dulled and destroyed 

 the points of their augurs. The borings which 



* About 20 years ago, these meadows were dyked in to keep the tide 

 at high water, from flowing over them, and large ditches were dug in 

 many directions, over the meadows as drains, which exposed a number 

 of recent shells, partly fossilified. These shells consisted of the recent 

 oyster (Ostrea Borealis) Psammobia, Mytilus, Modiola, &c, &c. These 

 shells lay about 4 or 5 feet below the surface. 



