On the Mineral Waters near Landour. 21 



rescence of alum, on the face of the intervening portion of 

 the hill. This is more important in a commercial than in a 

 professional point of view. 



Sulphuretted or Harrowgate springs are only found in the 

 bed of a stream, which rises at the Dhobees* ghat, under the 

 Hospital, and runs through the hills, at first southerly, then 

 westerly, till it reaches the valley of the Dhoon, and ultimate- 

 ly, in the Soong river, joins the Ganges near Hurdwar. One 

 spring at Sansattarah, has long been known, though not 

 used. I found several others, about two miles nearer the 

 hospital, from whence the depot is now supplied. They are 

 situated on the right bank of the stream, in the vicinity of a 

 stratum of gypsum. They are strongly impregnated with 

 sulphuretted hydrogen, which is very perceptible on ap- 

 proaching the spring, and they contain a small proportion of 

 sulphate of magnesia and lime. I consider that the sulphu- 

 retted hydrogen arises from the decomposition of the gypsum 

 (sulphate of lime) by the action of water and decomposed 

 vegetable matter. The decomposition of pyrites (the sul- 

 phuret of iron) may possibly be the source, as there are 

 numerous chalybeate springs in the vicinity. 



The springs are about 3,000 feet above the level of the sea, 

 in a narrow valley, surrounded by steep- wooded hills, they 

 are about three miles from the valley of the Dhoon, and eight 

 miles from Landour. The scenery, in both directions, is 

 most wild and picturesque. During last cold season, Capt. 

 G. Cautley and I laid down a road from the Dhobees* ghat 

 to the springs. It gradually descends, at an angle varying 

 from four to eight degrees. The road is too narrow for 

 nervous people, whose personal alarms are not absorbed in the 

 admiration of the beauty of the surrounding scenery. 



The temperature of the upper springs in December was 

 57° Fahr., whilst that of the stream was 54° Fahr. The tem- 

 perature of the lower springs at Sansattarah was 72° Fahr. 

 One of the upper springs forms a natural bath, about ten feet 



