The Four-horned Antelopes of India, 93 



to Mr. Gray, among the deer* and antelopes and musks, and which 

 organ he employs extensively (Zool. Journal, June 1836,) to separate 

 the groups of the last named suh-family (Moschinse). The tail of 

 the Chousingas resembles that of the barking deer, and is of moderate 

 length, rounded, attenuated gradually to a point, half nude below, 

 and very full of hair which is spread out sideways when the animal is 

 excited. The anterior horns stand exactly between and above the 

 eyes, and they are erect. The posterior horns stand midway between 

 the eyes and the ears ; and they are reclining or sloped towards the 

 back. In this species (lodes) both pairs are blunt, especially the 

 anterior, which may be called even stumpy, though far larger than in 

 Elliott's species ; and both pairs are conspicuously ringed at their 

 bases, whereas in the other species of the same region (Paccerois), 

 both pairs of horns are acute, nearly or quite unringed, and much 

 more equal and similar to each other than in the subject of our 

 present description, or the rusty-red Chousinga. The pelage or coat 

 of both our species is of one kind only of hair, and is abundant, 

 rather harsh, and somewhat elongated, precisely as in the Goa, not 

 glossed nor short, and closely pressed to the skin as in the barking 

 deer ; more as in the Rusans, but finer in quality than in those large 

 and coarse haired animals. 



The peroneum and genital regions are quite void of hair, and cover- 

 ed with a smooth, nude, white skin, whence depends the neat small 

 scrotum. There is no sign whatever of the inguinal gland and pore, 

 so conspicuous in the typical antelopes (Cervicapra), and which are 

 very clearly traceablef in sheep, though not in goats, nor perhaps 

 generally in deer. The teats are, I believe, normally four, though, 

 unless I noted too carelessly, there are sometimes only two. These 

 species of antelope are quite devoid of the knee-tufts, as well as of the 

 bands on the flanks, characterizing many of the more typical genera 

 of the group. But the fronts of the entire limbs, down to the 



* There is no trace of this organ in the Ratwa Muntjac. I have just 

 examined three fresh ones. 



t The last and ablest writers say otherwise : see Zool. Journal, December 

 1836, p. 137. I can only say that, being apt to seek primary evidence, I have 

 found the gland with a copious secretion (though a vaguely defined sinus), in 

 six kinds of tame sheep, and also in the Hog-deer. 



