The Mammals of the Bub-Himalayas and Tibet. 103 



well known, the skin or kin, the Jharal, the Thar, and the Goral : 

 the respective types of Capra, Hemitragus, Nemorhcedus, and 

 Kemas.* It had long ago been explained that the second type is 

 distinguished from the first by having a small moist muzzle, no feet- 

 pits, and four teats ; and the fourth from the third type by the 

 absence of those enormously glandulous eye-pits, which form the 

 special character of the Continental and Insular Nemorhedines, or the 

 the Thar and the Cambing Utan. Moreover, the Jharal had always 

 been spoken of as distinct from the Hemitrage of Jemla, having 

 horns less compressed and less incurved at the points, a keel less 

 prominent and less nodose, and colours considerably different. Your 

 critic has overlooked this distinction of species, and therefore might 

 just as reasonably be lashed on that score as Dr. Jameson, for over- 

 looking the difference between the common and Himalayan Ibexes 

 (skin). Both distinctions are in truth minute, and perhaps false. 

 At all events, the contrary has not yet been demonstrated, and until it 

 be so, to dogmatise in the fashion of your critic, is again mere bow- 

 wow-ism. On this head of goats and antelopes your critic's observa- 

 tions are not illuminated by one glimmer of new light. They 

 amount in fact to a mere enumeration of native names ; and, I may 

 add, a very questionable enumeration ; for the Eimu of one dialect is 

 the skin or kin (not Sakeen) of another, and so of the Tehr and 

 Sarav. But of a verity the people apply their vernacular names with 

 extreme carelessness : Tehr and Thar are besides almost or quite 

 identical words : and if Dr. Jameson so considered them, and advert- 

 ed to a Hemitrage under the appellations of Thar and wild goat, 

 why he committed no error at all, save overlooking the suggested 

 new caprine type. His surprise at finding a four-teated goat was 



* Kemas is erroneously applied as a generic terra by Mr. Gray to the 

 Chiru, the type of Pantholops. Colonel H. Smith, who applied the Greek 

 term Kemas to the Chiru, as a specific appellation, recognised in his Mam- 

 malia (Nat. Library) the propriety of the amendment of nomenclature, he 

 never having defined the type, and having been anticipated hy Dr. Ahcl 

 in the application of a specific name. Kemas, as a genus, has for type the 

 Goral (see Zool. Journal for December 1836). Subsequently (same work for 

 Aug. 1837,) the " Jharal was associated" to it, but erroneously. Hylochrius 

 again is but the female of Jharal, teste Gray. 



