22 G. A. T- VAN DER SANDE. 



cocoa-nuts .were ahvays talked of as moinigiui, in which the word moi = monje = woman, 

 appears. The remark made in the case of the carved spoons made out of cocoa-nut shell, as 

 to the difficultyjn working this hard material, is in a much higher degree applicable to the 

 entjre nuts; the cut-out portions are also often covered with lime. The ornamental 

 designs offer some variations, but at the lower pôle a star figure is often found ; besides fish 

 figures (N°. 197), figures of crocodiles, snakes (N°. 200, PI. IV, fig. 20) and an abundance of 

 spirals (N°. 198 and 199, PL IV, fig. 22 and 21). De CLERCQ thought that he could recognise 

 on. his spécimen two pairs of conventional hands, with the puises joined together; this inter- 

 prétation however becomes improbable, as N°. 197 has the same figure but without any indi- 

 cation of the fingers, ergo hourglass-shaped. The lime réceptacle and the Papuan are almost 

 inséparable. When he leaves his home, it is his faithful companion, either in his bag or under 

 his . arm (or attached to the sling, wherever this is used). For one and the same betel-quid 

 he repeatedly takes the pin-shaped bone or wooden, either smooth or cross-ribbed, spatula 

 out of his box and places the lime between his lips. More or less moistened, the pin is returned 

 to the réceptacle and immediately a fresh supply of lime for the next occasion sticks to it. 

 As the pin must fit closely in the opening of the lime box, to prevent the loss of lime, many 

 spécimens hâve a small, somewhat conical, hollow pièce of brown larval envelope passed over 

 the pin, at the spot where it fits in the opening. In the case of N°. 200 simply a rolled-up 

 leaf is placed in such a larval envelope and thus used by way of a cork. 



Bamboo lime cylinders are never used in Humboldt Bay, in the district ofSëkâ or 

 on Lake Sentâni, only to the east, in K. W. Land and also to the west where, according 

 to N°. 201 — 202, they were already met with at Nimbûran, with carved-in ornaments, the 

 cut-out parts blackened on purpose. A folded-up leaf sometimes serves as a plug, the spécimen 

 from Wâri (N°. 203, PL IV, fig. 19) has however a cover, and the one from Kwatisoré 

 (N°. 204, PL V, fig. 2) is ornamented over the greater part of the surface, which is unusual 

 with most of the lime holders from Geelvink Bay. 



Both the lime boxes from Kwatisoré (N°. 206 and 207, PL VI, fig. 5 and 5 a ) made 

 out of Pandanus leaf, in which pièces of gambir are also kept, are entirely in the same style 

 as those which De CLERCQ ') mentions from the western islands and the Gulf of Maccluer. 

 To the east of Geelvink Bay thèse boxes do not appear to be known. I hâve already 

 mentioned above that the gambir is imported by traders. The lime is probably manufactured 

 from burnt coral in many places on the north coast (FlNSCH [1888 — 93, 202]). On the island 

 as Tumleo (Berlin Harbour) according to ERDWEG [1902, 323] shells are however used for 

 the purpose. On Lake Sentâni, shells, g'otjà, from this freshwater lake are used, which for this 

 purpose, as I saw at Asé (fig. 1), are packed in great quantities in an oblong bundle of 

 dry sago or cocoa-nut leaves. After igniting, the fire slowly creeps in the direction of the 

 stalks ; in the compact glowing mass the shells can be seen in a state of white heat. The 

 whole of the bundle, which lies on the ground, is now often shaken a little and each time 

 moved somewhat to windward by the boy in charge, who has selected for this work the 

 weather side of the island, and by this shaking, as the leaves are being turned into ashes, the 

 white burnt shells fall out and remain lving on the ground in a streak. After cooling down, 



1) De Clercq and Schmeltz [1S93, 75 and 76,. PI. XIX]. 



